最大面积安装屋顶光伏电站组件优化布置方法

Optimal Layout Method of Rooftop Photovoltaic Power Plant Panels for Maximum Area Installation

针对现有屋顶光伏资源评估时,未考虑屋顶有限区域内光伏组件布置方式影响其实际可建设光伏容量的问题,提出考虑诸多约束条件下,以光伏组件最大安装面积为目标的屋顶可建设光伏容量计算方法。首先,从屋顶区域划分、光伏组件安装方式以及运维通道预留方案等方面讨论屋顶光伏组件建设的约束因素;其次,建立考虑屋顶边界约束、屋顶异物约束、辐射区域覆盖约束、运维通道约束等多种约束条件,以辐射区域覆盖程度最大为目标函数的光伏组件空间优化布置模型,进而计算屋顶可建设光伏容量;然后,从屋顶有效区域的覆盖率、光伏组件的利用率、平准化电力成本以及光伏组件效益4个方面,构建适用于光伏组件布置方案的评价指标,并采用熵权层次分析法完成对方案的评估及选择;最后,基于所设计的不同类型屋顶进行算例分析,验所提模型方法的有效性。

In response to the existing rooftop photovoltaic resource assessment,which doesn’t consider the PV panel arrangement in the limited area of the roof to affect the actual buildable PV capacity,this paper proposes a method for calculating the buildable PV capacity of the roof with the maximum installation area of PV panels as the target,taking into account a number of constraints.Firstly,the constraints of roof PV panel construction are discussed from the aspects of roof area division,PV panel installation method and operation and maintenance channel reservation scheme.Secondly,a spatially optimized PV panel layout model is established considering various constraints such as roof boundary constraints,roof foreign object constraints,radiation area coverage constraints,operation and maintenance channel constraints,and taking the maximum coverage of the radiation area as the objective function,and then calculating the constructible PV capacity of the roof.Then,from the four aspects of roof effective area coverage,utilization rate of PV panels,levelized cost of electricity,and PV panel benefits,the evaluation indexes applicable to PV panel arrangement scheme are constructed,and the evaluation and selection of the scheme using the entropy weight-hierarchical analysis method are completed.Finally,based on different types of roofs designed,the case study analysis is used to verify the effectiveness of the modeling methodology.Finally,an example analysis is carried out based on different types of roofs designed in this paper to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.