中国传统“道-艺”观论要

The Essentials of the Chinese Traditional Concept of“Tao-Yi”

中国传统“道-艺”观对中国艺术创造产生了深远的影响,在“道-艺”二元结构中去认识和处理艺术问题,充分彰显出中国古代文艺理论的民族性。中国传统“道-艺”观既丰富又立体,其中,“道器”论是对本体(本原之道)与实在(艺术之象)之隐显关系的总体归纳;“道贯”论是对艺术创造中“一”与“多”关系的辩证提摄;“载道”论确立了中国古代艺术社会学“道主而艺从”的文艺认知格局;“同道”论主要涉及文化原型和艺术同构内秘之诠解;“乐道”论表征着中国古代艺术对审美境界与人生境界之合一的高度提倡。全面了解中国传统“道-艺”观,对我们认识和理解中国艺术的生命意识、宇宙意识和超越意识具有重要意义。

The Chinese traditional concept of“Tao-Yi”has a far-reaching impact on the creation of Chinese art.To understand and deal with art problems in the dual structure of“Tao-Yi”fully manifests the national character of Chinese ancient theory of literature and art.The Chinese traditional concept of“Tao-Yi”is both rich and three-dimensional.In the concept of“Tao-Yi”,the theory of“Tao Qi”is a general induction of the implicit and explicit relationship between ontology(the way of origin)and reality(the image of art).The theory of“Tao Guan”is a dialectical conclusion of the relationship between“one”and“many”in the creation of art.The theory of“Zai Tao”has established the cognitive situation of Chinese ancient sociology of art in which“Tao”dominates and“Yi”follows.The theory of“Tong Tao”mainly involves the explanation of cultural proto-type and the principle of artistic isomorphism.The theory of“Le Tao”represents the advocacy of the unity of aesthetic realm and life realm in Chinese ancient art.A comprehensive understanding of the Chinese tradi-tional concept of“Tao-Yi”is very helpful for us to know and understand the consciousness of life,universe and transcendence in Chinese art.