川西食用菌重金属含量测定和食用风险评估

Determination of Heavy Metal Content and Risk Assessment of Edible Mushrooms in Western Sichuan

测定川西地区食用菌重金属含量水平并评估其食用风险,为川西食用菌生产提供基础资料与参考依据。于川西8个地区随机采集市售食用菌干制品12种共41批次,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定As、Cd、Hg、Pb含量,采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测松茸中As各形态化合物含量;分别使用污染指数法和靶标危害系数法评估样品中重金属污染状况和潜在食用风险。川西地区综合污染指数为1.824,As为川西地区主要污染,单因子污染指数为2.471。八个地区中雅江县综合污染指数为5.048,理塘县综合污染指数为1.775。干松茸成人与儿童总靶标危害系数(T THQ)大于1。川西食用菌干制品中重金属存在超标问题,存在一定食用风险,建议对食用菌中重金属的污染状况和健康风险进行持续检测和评估。

This paper determined the content of heavy metals in edible fungi from western Sichuan and evaluated its edible risk,this can provide basic data and reference basis for the production of edible fungi in western Sichuan.A total of 41 batches of 12 kinds of dried edible fungi products were randomly collected from 8 regions in western Sichuan.The contents of As,Cd,Hg and Pb in the samples were determined by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,and the content of various forms of As compounds in Tricholoma matsutake was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The pollution index method was used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in dried edible fungi products,and the potential health risks were evaluated by the target hazard quotients.The comprehensive pollution index of western Sichuan was 1.824,with As being the main pollutant in western Sichuan,and the single factor pollution index was 2.471.The comprehensive pollution index of Yajiang County in the eight regions was 5.048,and the comprehensive pollution index of Litang County was 1.775.The total target hazard quotient(T THQ)of dried Tricholoma matsutake for adults and children was greater than 1.There is a problem of excessive heavy metals in dried edible fungi in western Sichuan,and edible fungi in western Sichuan have certain edible risks.It is recommended to continuously detect and evaluate the pollution status and health risks of heavy metals in edible fungi.