漳州地区2021—2022年农村妇女HPV感染基因分型检测结果分析

Analysis of Genotyping Results of HPV Infection in Rural Women in Zhangzhou From 2021 to 2022

目的针对漳州地区2021—2022年农村妇女人乳头状瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)检测结果进行分析,探讨漳州地区农村妇女的HPV感染基因分型情况。方法本研究于2021—2022年对76505名漳州地区农村妇女进行HPV检测,其中检查类型为HPV21种基因型别,对妇女进行宫颈脱落细胞检测,分析漳州地区农村妇女的HPV感染情况,并对单重感染、双重感染、三重感染和多重感染情况和HPV各亚型感染情况进行分析。结果2021年检测的45838名中共检测出4376例阳性(9.55%),2022年检测的30667名中共检测出3886例阳性(12.67%),2021年与2022年阳性感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中单重感染为6515例(8.52%),双重感染为1284例(1.68%),三重感染为332例(0.43%),多重感染为131例(0.17%)。HPV基因感染亚型主要包括HPV52、HPV58、HPV16、HPV53、HPV39、HPV CP8304等,在2年中所占比例较高,其中2021年与2022年高危型HPV基因亚型中,HPV52(1.87%、2.27%)、HPV16(1.02%、1.12%)、HPV58(0.82%、1.36%)、HPV39(0.91%、1.08%)、HPV51(0.46%、1.05%);2021年中危型HPV基因分型的分布情况与2022年比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2021年低危型HPV基因分型与2022年比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以HPV CP8304感染率较高,分别为0.67%、1.32%。综合2年间漳州地区农村妇女的HPV感染亚型可见,高危型HPV基因亚型感染率最高,可达81.10%、76.94%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对漳州地区2021—2022年农村妇女进行HPV检测发现,漳州地区近年来农村妇女的HPV感染率较高,且感染的HPV基因分型较多,且多为单重感染,其中以HPV16、HPV52、HPV58等基因分型感染率高,应加以重视,对HPV感染人群加强宫颈病变筛查意识,进行定期复查,有效预防子宫颈癌。

Objective The detection results of human papilloma virus(HPV)in rural women in Zhangzhou from 2021 to 2022 were analyzed,and the genotyping of HPV infection in rural women in Zhangzhou was discussed.Methods In this study,a total of 76505 rural women in Zhangzhou were tested for HPV from 2021 to 2022.The testing type was HPV21 genotype,and cervical exfoliated cells were tested to analyze the HPV infection status of rural women in the area.Single infection,double infection,triple infection,and multiple infection,as well as the infection status of various subtypes of HPV,were also analyzed.Results A total of 4376 positive cases(9.55%)were detected in 45838 subjects tested in 2021,and 3886 positive cases(12.67%)were detected in 30667 subjects tested in 2022.There was statistical significance in the positive infection rate between 2021 and 2022(P<0.05).There were 6515 cases of single infection(8.52%),1284 cases of double infection(1.68%),332 cases of triple infection(0.43%),and 131 cases of multiple infection(0.17%).Among them,HPV gene infection subtypes mainly include HPV52,HPV58,HPV16,HPV53,HPV39,HPV CP8304,etc.,among the high-risk HPV gene subtypes in 2021 and 2022,accounting for a high proportion in 2 years,among which high-risk HPV gene subtypes in 2021 and 2022,HPV52(1.87%,2.27%),HPV16(1.02%,1.12%),HPV58(0.82%,1.36%),HPV39(0.91%,1.08%),HPV51(0.46%,1.05%).There was no statistical significance in the distribution of middle-risk HPV genotypes in 2021 compared with 2022(P>0.05).There was significant difference between the genotypes of low-risk HPV in 2021 and 2022(P<0.05),but the infection rate of HPV CP8304 was higher(0.67%and 1.32%,respectively).The HPV infection subtypes of rural women in Zhangzhou in the past 2 years were summarized,and the infection rates of high-risk HPV gene subtypes were the highest,reaching 81.10%and 76.94%,but the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion HPV testing of rural women in Zhangzhou from 2021 to 2022 found that rural women in this region have a high HPV infection rate,and the HPV genotypes infected are more,and most of them are single infections,among which the infection rates of HPV16,HPV52,HPV58 and other genotypes are high,which should be paid attention to.Strengthen the awareness of cervical disease screening for HPV infected people,conduct regular review,and effectively prevent cervical cancer.