“把自己作为方法”何以可能——从常人方法学的转向及研究范式转化谈起

How is It Possible to Take Oneself as a Method: Starting from the Shift of Ordinary People's Methodology and the Transformation of Research Paradigms

“把自己作为方法”的核心是视过去的“自己”为“他者”,以“自我”为工具,将个人经验问题化。从方法论的角度,“把自己作为方法”呼应了常人方法学的基本主张,更是常人方法学的重要实践路径。与此同时,“把自己作为方法”也需直面常人方法学的不一致性以及“自我”与“世界”之间的空间即“附近”的消失问题。从这一点上看,“把自己作为方法”本身也是一种方法,厘清其与常人方法学、以“附近”为方法之间的关系,有助于反思研究范式转换的意义,进而探讨中国特色哲学社会科学的构建问题。

The core of “taking oneself as a method” is to view the past “oneself” as “others”, use “oneself” as a tool, and question personal experience. From a methodological perspective, “taking oneself as a method” echoes the basic principles of everyday methodology and is an important practical path for everyday methodology. At the same time, “taking oneself as a method” also requires facing the inconsistency of ordinary people's methodology and the disappearance of the space between the “self” and the “world”, that is, the “vicinity”. From this perspective, “taking oneself as a method” itself is also a method. Clarifying its relationship with the methodology of ordinary people and using “nearby” as a method can help reflect on the significance of paradigm shift in research and explore the construction of Chinese philosophy and social sciences with distinctive characteristics.