“季节的修辞”与“黄金时代”——在文学基层想象1980年代

The“Rhetoric of Seasons”and the“Golden Age”:Imagining the 1980s at the Grassroots of Literature

1980年代,基层文艺刊物无论从刊名还是发刊词都惯于使用以春天为核心意象的“季节的修辞”,它源于“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的文艺政策,并逐渐凝结为一种与社会主义文艺及其历史变迁互相指涉的修辞格式,包含了基层文艺工作者理解1980年代整体性历史进程的参考框架。基层文艺刊物对1980年代的想象经历了从“黄金时代”到“末班车”的转变,在此过程中,文学基层与上层存在不同程度的同步和差异,尤其体现在对时代氛围、文学潮流和思想运动的感知和理解上。中国当代文学史研究或许需要将视野放大到基层,采取跨学科的综合视野,建构关于1980年代的立体性认识,并树立一种界限意识,更准确地厘清1980年代文学潮流与思想运动的下沉边界。

In the 1980s,grassroots literary periodicals habitually used the“rhetoric of the seasons”with spring as the central image in both their titles and their forewords.It originated from the“let a hundred flowers bloom,a hundrend schools contend”literary policy,and gradually crystallized into a rhetorical pattern that refers to socialist literature and its historical changes,and contains a frame of reference for grassroots literary workers to understand the holistic historical process of the 1980s.The imagination of grassroots literary periodicals about the 1980s experienced a shift from the“golden age”to the“last train”.In this process,there are different degrees of synchronization and difference between the grassroots and the upper levels of literature,especially in the perception and understanding of the atmosphere of the times,literary trends and intellectual movements.