引词证禅:宋代文人词的禅林传播与接受

Quoting Ci to Achieve Zen Enlightenment:The Spread and Acceptance of Song Dynasty Literati Ci in Zen Buddhism

宋代文人词在禅林中的传播与接受,是宋词与佛禅关系研究的独特视角。具体而言,佛教僧人融摄宋词的方式有三种,分别是语汇的吸收、成句的运用和全篇的演绎。这种“引词证禅”现象的产生,既有“文字禅”思想的理论前提和僧人熟悉宋词的现实基础,也不乏借助名家名作弘法的考虑,并且展现出对景语、禅语和哲语的偏好。作为词禅关系研究中的重要一环,“引词证禅”不仅拓宽了宋代文人词的阐释空间,让原本没有禅意的作品具备了禅学解读的可能,还反映出禅宗僧人以服务佛事活动为最高准则,以清雅取向为审美尺度的词学观念。

The spread and acceptance of Song literati Ci in Zen is a unique perspective of the study for the relationship between Song Ci and Buddhist Zen.Specifically,there are three ways for Buddhist monks to integrate Song Ci,which are the absorption of vocabulary,the use of sentence formation and the deduction of the whole text.The phenomenon of"Quoting Ci to achieve Zen enlightenment"is based on the theoretical premise of the thought"Zen of words"and the practical basis of monks'familiarity with Song Ci,as well as the consideration of using famous works to promote the Dharma,and showing their preference for scenery sentences,Zen sentences and philosophical sentences.As an important part of the research on the relationship between Ci and Zen,"Quoting Ci to achieve Zen enlightenment"not only broadens the interpretation space of literati ci in Song Dynasty,but also makes the original works without meaning of Zen have the possibility of Zen interpretation.At the same time,it also reflects the Ci concept of the Zen to serve the Buddhist activities as the highest criterion and to take elegance as the orientation of aesthetic criterion.