易地搬迁安置区乡村农业产业链演变的影响因素及延伸机制——以宁夏西夏区团结村为例

Influencing factors and extension mechanism of rural agricul⁃tural industry chain evolution in resettlement areas:A case study of Tuanjie Village,Xixia District,Ningxia

【目的】易地搬迁安置区乡村是巩固脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的重点区域,基于新内生发展理论分析其农业产业链演变的影响因素及延伸机制,对防止返贫与全面推进乡村振兴具有重要意义。【方法】本文基于2023年典型易地搬迁安置区——宁夏团结村的实地调研数据,采用随机森林模型识别农业产业链演变的关键因素,并进一步借助行动者网络理论刻画农业产业链的延伸机制。【结果】①村集体组织带动作用、产业链下游销售服务以及农户种植收入、受访者年龄、受教育程度和家庭务农收入占比对农业产业链演变具有重要影响。②团结村农业产业链延伸以村集体为关键行动者,依靠土地、技术等资源本底,对政府、农民合作社、企业与农户等人类行动者和土地、资金、市场与技术等非人类行动者进行征召、动员以及反馈消除异议,形成相对稳定的异质行动者网络。③乡村产业发展过程中以“人-地-业-财”等要素在城乡间的合理流动与配置为导向,通过政策保障、能力提升、服务保障、资金投入、产品研发五轮驱动,壮大乡村经济规模与优化产业布局,以农业资源为产业链基底,构建多力量配合协作的延伸机制,实现乡村农业产业链有序延伸。【结论】易地搬迁安置区乡村产业发展过程中形成了以村集体组织为核心的行动者网络,为乡村农业产业链延伸提供有力支撑,从而促进乡村产业高质量发展。

[Objective]Rural resettlement areas are the key areas to consolidate the effective connection between poverty alleviation achievements and rural revitalization.Based on the theory of new endogenous development,the analysis of the influencing factors and extension mechanism of the evolution of the agricultural industry chain is of great significance for preventing the return to poverty and promoting rural revitalization in an all-round way.[Methods]Based on the field research data of Tuanjie Village,a typical resettlement area in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2023,this study used the random forest model to identify the key factors of the evolution of the agricultural industry chain,and further described the extension mechanism of the agricultural industry chain with the help of the actor network theory.[Results](1)The driving role of village collective organizations,the downstream sales and services of the industrial chain,the planting income of farmers,the age of respondents,the level of education and the proportion of agricultural income had important effects on the evolution of the agricultural industrial chain.(2)The village collective was the key actor in the extension of the agricultural industry chain in Tuanjie Village,and it relied on land,technology,and other resources to recruit,mobilize,and provide feedback to human actors such as the government,farmers’cooperatives,enterprises,and farmers,and non-human actors such as land,capital,market,and technology,to eliminate objections,forming a relatively stable heterogeneous actor network.(3)In the process of rural industrial development,guided by the reasonable flow and allocation of factors such as people-land-industry-finance between urban and rural areas,the rural economic scale was expanded and the industrial layout was optimized through the fiv drivers of policy guarantee,capacity improvement,service guarantee,capital investment,and product research and development;With agricultural resources as the base of the industrial chain,the extension mechanism of multi-force cooperation and collaboration should be built to realize the orderly extension of the rural agricultural industry chain.[Conclusion]In the process of rural industrial development in resettlement areas,a network of actors with village collective organizations as the core has formed,which provides strong support for the extension of rural agricultural industry chain and promotes the high-quality development of rural industries.