袭警罪“打击违法犯罪说”之提倡

Advocacy of the"Theory of Combating Illegal Crime"Regarding Assaulting Police Crimes

通过对“阻碍说”“暴力说”“袭击说”与“打击违法犯罪说”等袭警罪司法限制理论,以及对“执法权说”“警察人身权说”“警察职务行为说”与“警察垄断暴力说”等袭警罪法益侵害理论梳理发现,与“警察垄断暴力说”一脉相承的“打击违法犯罪说”更值得提倡,更有利于实现避免袭警罪沦为应对警民冲突的“口袋罪”的研究目的,也符合我国刑法对军警人员予以专门同等保护的尊崇现实。为避免因过度保护警察而限制公民自由,一线缉毒警察、在道路上执勤的基层交警、入户出警的基层民警、直接看守违法犯罪人的司法警察或其他直接打击违法犯罪分子的警察及辅警,值得以袭警罪予以特殊保护;其他职责合法性或正当性存疑、涉嫌违法犯罪的警察,不应以袭警罪予以保护。

Currently,there are many theories of judicial limitation of the crime of assaulting police,which mainly include the"obstruction theory","violence theory",and"assault theory."Accordingly,their counterparts'legal interest theories respectively are the"enforcement power theory","police physical right theory",and"police duty theory".Conversely,the author of this paper brings out and advocates the"striking illegal and criminal theory"and the"police violence monopoly theory",which not only can avoid the overenforcement problems of assaulting police crime,but also reaffirm the justification of assaulting police crime.Therefore,a conclusion can be drawn:only the grass-roots police officers in the front line can be particularly protected by criminal law using the crime of assaulting police;others who are not striking illegal and criminal cannot be specially protected by criminal law.