晚期三阴性乳腺癌的精准治疗

Precision treatment for advanced triple negative breast cancer

三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)的定义是基于肿瘤中缺失3个主要的生长驱动分子标志物:ER、PR和HER-2。因此,TNBC被认为是一种生物特性相对不明确的、异质性很强的疾病。同时,TNBC是所有分子亚型中预后最差的,特别是晚期TNBC患者的5年生存率仅为12%左右。随着对TNBC生物学特征的持续深入了解,个性化治疗策略越来越被重视,从而推动了TNBC治疗模式不断向精准治疗的转变。精准治疗是基于确定的生物标志物,通过预测特定患者群体对靶向治疗的反应来实施的肿瘤治疗策略。目前,临床研究的重点已经转向识别具有潜在药物靶点的生物标志物,例如免疫检查点抑制剂、靶向治疗药物和抗体药物偶联物,这些都已成为治疗决策的重要组成部分。随着对TNBC亚型更精确的分类和治疗方案的不断完善,晚期TNBC患者有望获得更为精准的诊断和治疗。

Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)is defined by the absence of three primary growth driver markers in the tumor:ER,PR,and HER-2.Therefore,TNBC is considered as a disease with undefined biological characteristics and high heterogeneity.Among all molecular subtypes,TNBC has the poorest prognosis,and the 5-year survival rate of advanced TNBC patients is about 12%.With the in-depth understanding of the biological characteristics of TNBC,personalized treatment draws more and more attention,thus promoting the continuous transition of TNBC treatment modes towards precision medicine.Precision treatment is to predict the response of certain patient groups to targeted therapy based on expression of identified biomarkers,Currently,the focus of clinical researches has shifted to identifying biomarkers with potential drug targets,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors,targeted therapeutic drugs and antibody-drug conjugates,which have become indispensable in the decision-making in the treatment.With more precise classification of TNBC subtypes and continuous improvement of treatment strategies,patients with advanced TNBC are expected to have more accurate diagnosis and precise treatment.