三维扫描技术在空军招飞医学选拔人体尺寸测量中的应用实证分析

An empirical analysis of applying three-dimensional scanning technology on anthropometric measurement in the medical selection of Air Force flying cadets

目的研究基于三维扫描技术的空军招飞医学选拔人体尺寸测量新方法的准确性,为其应用提供数据支持。方法采取整群抽样,选取参加2022年度空军招飞医学选拔定选体检的受检者987人,分别采取人工测量法和基于三维扫描技术的3D CaMega系统的机器自动检测法对招飞医学选拔所需人体尺寸指标(身高、坐高、平静胸围、上肢长和下肢长)进行检测,比较2种方法对各人体尺寸指标的测量结果。机器自动检测各指标的准确率以人工测量法为准计算。根据招飞体检标准,对2种方法检测的身高、坐高、上肢长与下肢长数值分别进行鉴定,计算各指标鉴定结论一致率。选取第1天参加测试的107人,分别比较2种检测方法每人的耗时。结果与人工测量法相比,机器自动检测法测得的身高、坐高和平静胸围更高(t=13.07、14.45、42.49,P均<0.001),上肢和下肢长更短(t=39.66、5.23,P均<0.001);在差异程度方面,2种检测方法所测得平静胸围的差异最大,其次是坐高、下肢长、上肢长,身高差异最小;与人工测量法相比,机器自动检测的身高、坐高、平静胸围、上肢长和下肢长准确率均在97%以上;2种方法检测的身高、坐高、上肢长与下肢长鉴定结论一致率均在98%以上;机器自动检测法较人工测量法耗时更长(t=29.39,P<0.001)。结论三维扫描技术可以满足招飞医学选拔人体尺寸测量需求,在空军招飞医学选拔人体尺寸测量中具有良好的应用前景。

Objective To provide data support to the anthropometry for medical selection of the Air Force flying cadets by investigating the accuracy of the measurement based on three-dimensional scanning technology.Methods Using cluster sampling,987 participants were selected for Air Force medical selection physical examination in 2022.The Air Force recruitment medical selection defined data(body height,sitting height,chest circumference,upper extremity length and lower extremity length)were measured manually and automatically by 3D CaMega which was based on three-dimensional scanning technology.The results of both measurements were compared.The accuracy of auto measurement was calculated against the manual measure result.The body height,sitting height,upper and lower limb lengths were respectively verified by 2 measurements upon selection criteria,and the concordance rate was calculated.The time spent on manual and auto measurements was compared in 107 students who were measured in the first examination day.Results The body height,sitting height and chest circumference that measured by 3D CaMega were higher than those measured manually(t=13.07,14.45,42.49,all P<0.001),but the lengths of upper and lower limbs were shorter(t=39.66,5.23,both P<0.001).In terms of the degree of difference,the variance of chest circumference between the 2 measurement methods was the greatest and followed by sitting height,lower limb length and upper limb length.Body heights showed the smallest difference.Compared with the manual measurement,the accuracy rates of auto measurement of body height,sitting height and upper and lower limb lengths were above 97%.The concordance rate of both measurements was above 98%.The automatic measurement by 3D CaMega took longer time(t=29.39,P<0.001),compared with the manual measurement.Conclusions Three-dimensional scanning technology can meet the demands of anthropometry for medical selection of the Air Force flying cadets and shows good application prospect in future.