深水油气高效开发技术装备发展与展望

Development and Prospect of Technology and Equipment for High-efficiency Deepwater Oil and Gas Development

近年来,深水油气成为国内外油气勘探开发的热点。“十一五”至“十四五”期间,我国深水油气勘探开发取得显著进步,实现从浅水开发到深水开发、合作开发到自营开发、跟跑到并跑甚至局部领跑的“三大跨越”,逐步形成了“区域开发一体评价、少井高产高效开发、智能少人降本增效、高端装备自主可控”的深水油气高效开发理念。中国海油通过立足深水油气勘探高效开发理念,聚焦深水油气高效经济和安全开发,构建了深水油气“勘探—开发—钻采—工程”一体化技术体系,形成了南海北部陆缘深水油气勘探地质理论、深水宽频地震勘探技术、深水油气田储层精细描述技术等10个标志性深水高效开发理论技术,以及地球物理勘探装备、深水半潜式钻井平台及装备等6类高效开发装备。未来将进一步加强深海勘探理论与技术、深水油气田高效开发、超深水钻完井、深水浮式液化天然气开发、全水下油气处理等方面的关键技术与装备攻关,推进我国南海深水油气田高效开发,为我国南海大开发奠定坚实基础。

The deepwater oil and gas area has become the hot spot of oil and gas exploration and development both inside and outside China in recent years.China has made a remarkable progress in its deepwater oil and gas exploration and development between the 11th Five-year Plan period and the 14th Five-year Plan period.The nation has experienced three“take-off”stages--from shallow-water development to deepwater development,from cooperative development to independent development,and from a follower to a runaway leader in some areas.A series of high-efficiency deepwater oil and development theories has been established,covering integrated assessment of regional development,drilling a few wells for high-yield and high-efficiency development,cost-effectiveness based on intelligence technology,and independently controllable high-end equipment.Based on the deepwater oil and gas exploration and high-efficiency development theories,CNOOC focused on high-efficiency,economic and safe deepwater oil and gas development and established the deepwater oil and gas“exploration-development-drilling and production-engineering”integrated technological system.It created 10 benchmark high-efficiency deepwater technology and theory,such as the geological theory on epicontinental deepwater oil and gas exploration in the northern part of the South China Sea,deepwater broadband seismic exploration technology,and fine characterization technology for deepwater oil and gas fields and reservoirs.In addition,CNOOC also developed six types of high-efficiency development equipment including geophysical exploration equipment and deepwater semi-submersible drilling platform and equipment.In the future,the offshore oil company will further enhance the study of the key technology and equipment,such as deepwater exploration theory and technology,high-efficiency deepwater oil and gas field development,drilling and completion in the ultra-deep area,deepwater floating LNG development,and full underwater oil and gas treatment.It will accelerate high-efficiency deepwater oil and gas field development in the South China Sea,laying a solid foundation for China's high-efficiency development of deepwater oil and gas fields in the South China Sea.