紫光对设施草莓朱砂叶螨种群的控制作用

Control effect of purple light on Tetranychus cinnabarinus population in greenhouse strawberry

朱砂叶螨是草莓上重要害虫,非化学控制是草莓绿色生产的重要手段。为探讨紫光对朱砂叶螨的驱避作用,利用计算机模拟RGB值与虚拟光波长的关系,筛选对朱砂叶螨有驱避作用的最佳光波长。采用波长410 nm的紫光照射草莓植株,设置照射时段00:00-06:00、06:00-12:00、12:00-18:00和18:00-24:004个处理和不同光照时间,研究不同照射时段和光照时间对朱砂叶螨的驱避作用及对发育历期的影响,以无紫光照射为对照。在设施草莓植株上放置紫色灯带,每天18:00-24:00开灯,每7 d调查1次草莓上朱砂叶螨虫量,计算校正虫口减退率。结果表明:朱砂叶螨对波长410 nm光的选择率最低(3.89%)。每天18:00-24:00时段紫光照射对草莓朱砂叶螨的驱避作用最强,校正虫口减退率显著高于其他时段。紫光对盆栽草莓朱砂叶螨有较好的驱避作用,紫光照射7 d后朱砂叶螨校正虫口减退率达69.33%,不同叶位的校正虫口减退率之间无显著差异。紫光照射草莓叶片8 d后,朱砂叶螨发育历期较对照延长28.01%。紫光对设施草莓上朱砂叶螨有较好的驱避作用,对照草莓上朱砂叶螨数量是紫光照射的2.38倍,其校正虫口减退率与光照时间呈显著正相关。综上,紫光对草莓朱砂叶螨有较强的驱避作用,并能延长朱砂叶螨的发育历期,每天18:00-24:00使用紫光照射对设施草莓上朱砂叶螨有较好的控制作用。

Tetranychus cinnabarinus is one of the main pests on strawberries,and the non-chemical control of T.cinnabarinusis an important means of strawberry production.In this paper,the effect of violet light on the population of T.cinnabarinus was studied to provide a theoretical basis for the application of violet light to repel insects in strawberry shed.Through the relationship between RGB value and virtual light wavelength on the computer,the best light wavelength that can repel T.cinnabarinus was selected.The strawberry plant was irradiated with purple light with a wavelength of 410nm.Four treatments and different light periods were set up,namely,00:00-06:00,06:00-12:00,12:00-18:00and 18:00-24:00.The effects of different light periods and durations on the repellent effect of T.cinnabarinus and the development duration of T.cinnabarinus were studied respectively.A purple light band on the strawberry plant was placed in the greenhouse,turned on from 18:00to 24:00every day,and the quantity of T.cinnabarinus on the strawberry every 7days,and the corrected population decline rate were analyzed.The results showed that the selection rate of T.cinnabarinus for 410nm light was the lowest(3.89%).Purple light from 18:00to 24:00in a day had the strongest repellent effect on T.cinnabarinus,and the corrected rate of population decline was significantly higher than that in other time periods.Purple light had a good repellent effect on T.cinnabarinus on potted strawberry.After 7days of purple light treatment,the corrected population decline rate of T.cinnabarinus reached 69.33%,and there was no significant difference between the corrected population decline rates of different leaf positions.After 8days of strawberry leaves exposed topurple light,the development duration of T.cinnabarinus was 28.01%longer than that of the control.Purple light had agood repellent effect on T.cinnabarinus on strawberry in facilities.The number of T.cinnabarinus on control strawberrywas 2.38times that of purple light treatment.The corrected rate of decline of T.cinnabarinus population was positivelycorrelated with light duration(P<0.05).Purple light has a strong repellent effect on strawberry T.cinnabarinus and canprolong the development period of T.cinnabarinus.The control effect of purple light on strawberry T.cinnabarinus ingreenhouse is better from 18:00to 24:00.