英语新词中的术语及其翻译

英语词汇每年都会新增数百甚至上千个新词,包括普通语词和各学科领域的专业术语。由于学科术语的专业性等原因,术语的选取和翻译成了英语新词词典编纂中的一个难点。本文基于笔者所在团队近几年编写的多部词典,即《新时代英语新词语词典》《21世纪英语新词语词典》《当代英语精选新词语词典》《当代英语新词语词典》,不仅探讨新词词典中术语的收录情况,而且分析术语在英译过程中存在的问题,最后还将提出具体应对措施,即从翻译技巧上利用术语自身词汇特性和网络语料资源提供精确、规范且常用的译名,从理论研究上,更新与完善“领域化”术语翻译原则,为新术语翻译提供科学动态的理论指导。

Hundreds of neologisms,technical or otherwise,are created in the English language each year.Due to the particularity of terminologies,their selection and translation have become a headache for compilers of dictionaries of English neologisms.This paper,based on a number of dictionaries compiled by the author's team in recent years,i.e.,A Dictionary of English Neologisms in the New Era,A Dictionary of English Neologisms in the 2lst Century,A Selected Dictionary of English Neologisms in Present-day English and A Dictionary of Neologisms in Present-day English,not only discusses the inclusion of terminologies in the dictionaries of English neologisms,but also analyzes the problems that arise in the process of translating terminologies from English to Chinese.Suggestions for improvement are made at the end:from the perspective of translation,to utilize the lexical features of the terminology itself and online corpora to provide accurate,standardized and commonly used translations;from the perspective of theory,to update and perfect the“domain-oriented”terminology translation principles,so as to provide theoretical guidance for the translation of new terminology.