语用-社会视角下关联理论在城市语言景观研究中的应用

本文基于查尔斯·福塞维尔提出的多模态交际关联理论,构建了语用-社会视角下图-文语言景观的关联性分析框架;依据该框架,分析了某市某知名商业区的语言景观。研究发现,相关语言景观在视觉呈现上致力于:(1)积极寻求与受众的最佳关联;(2)明示作品交际意图;(3)进一步实现信息普及、合理说服和高效施为的信息意图。部分语言景观成功实现了以上意图,从而明确地传达了景观的相关信息,有利于民众对于信息的接受,从而构建政民良性互动的和谐社会关系。研究还发现,部分语言景观因缺少关联性,可能导致语言交际失败,主要是由于交际者对作品置放场景、形式内容、受众身份、情感和语用面子维护等考虑不充分所致。通过对认知语用与社会语言学研究视角的融合,本文探究了城市语言景观的语用功能和社会意义,同时期待为提升语言景观在城市建设中的语言服务提供参考。

The present research constructs a relevance analysis framework for analyzing visual-verbal linguistic landscapes from a pragmatic-social perspective on the basis of the Relevance Theory in multimodal communication postulated by Charles Forceville.With this framework,the linguistic landscapes of a prominent business district in City X are analyzed.The study finds that the visual presentation of the landscapes is committed to(1)actively seeking the optimal relevance to the audiences;(2)explicitly expressing the communicative intention of the works;(3)subsequently fulfilling the informative intentions to popularize information,persuade the audiences reasonably and implement actions efficiently.Some of the works have successfully realized the above intentions,thus clearly conveying pertinent information,facilitating the public's acceptance of the information and constructing a harmonious social relationship between the government and the people.It also finds that the failed linguistic communication in some works results from the communicator's inadequate consideration of the site of the works,the form and content of the works,and the identity,emotion and pragmatic face maintenance of the audiences.By integrating the perspectives of cognitive pragmatics and sociolinguistics,this paper explores the pragmatic function and social significance of the urban linguistic landscapes,and expects to provide references for improving the linguistic services of linguistic landscapes in urban construction.