《仿生人会梦见电子羊吗?》中的后人类游牧主体建构

作为美国后现代科幻小说家,菲利普·迪克的写作始终贯穿着技术时代中“何以为人?”的思考。他将小说《仿生人会梦见电子羊吗?》设置于人机交互的后人类社会,仿生人拥有生命,而人类与技术仿象伴生,逐渐变成了“机器”。借助德勒兹与加塔利“根茎”“生成”与“游牧”等精神分裂分析的概念可以发现,主人公里克的后人类游牧主体逐渐觉醒,最终接纳了仿生人所代表的他者。迪克批判了传统人文主义下的二元对立框架,主张向他者敞开主体性边界。小说呈现了后人类游牧主体的建构想象,为后现代困境带来了拯救的生机。

The thought of“What constitutes the authentic human being?”in the age of technology runs throughout the writings by Philip Dick,a writer of postmodern science fiction.He sets his novel,Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?,in a posthuman society in which men and machines interact with each other,hence the androids becoming animated and human beings not only living with technology simulacrum but also gradually turning into“machines”.A reading based on Deleuze's and Guattari's concepts of schizoanalysis,such as“rhizome”,“becoming”and“nomad”,may reveal that the posthuman nomadic subject of the protagonist,Rick,slowly but surely awakens,so he eventually embraces Others represented by androids.Dick criticizes the binary opposition in traditional humanism and advocates the opening of boundary to Others.The novel envisions the construction of posthuman nomadic subject,which brings about a possible solution to the postmodern plight.