疾病·隐喻——《茫茫藻海》中的疾病书写与帝国医学话语

疾病书写——包括对身体疾病和精神疾病等四种具有隐喻色彩的疾病的书写——构成了里斯名作《茫茫藻海》的重要叙事成分。罗切斯特的热病以帝国医学话语的名义构成了对他者殖民统治的想象;安妮特母女的疯癫是帝国疯癫医学话语建构的产物;皮埃尔之死揭露了殖民者以疾病传播造成牙买加人口灭绝的历史事实;帝国医学通过对牙买加医学的他者建构进行文化殖民。隐伏在小说表层叙事文本之下的疾病叙事既成为推动情节发展的内在动力,也编码了里斯对帝国医学话语的批判和解构、与20世纪反精神病学的共振及对克里奥尔人的深情关切。

Disease writing,including that about four metaphorically physical and mental diseases,constitutes an important narrative component of Jean Rhys'Wide Sargasso Sea.Rochester's fever,in the name of the imperial medical discourse,constitutes the imaginary colonial domination of the Other;the insanity of Annette and her daughter Antoinette is product of the imperial medical discourse on insanity;Pierre's death exposes the fact that the colonizer caused the extermination of the Jamaican by the spread of disease;the imperial medicine forms cultural colonization through the construction of Jamaican medicine as the Other.The narrative of disease,which lies beneath the narrative text,becomes the engine of the plot and encodes Rhys'deconstruction of imperial medical discourse,resonance with anti-psychiatry in the twentieth-century and deep sympathy for the Creole.