大豆油酶法脱胶与吸附脱酸工艺的优化研究

Optimization of Enzymatic Degumming and Adsorption Deacidification of Soybean Oil

本研究以大豆毛油为原料,采用酶法脱胶和吸附脱酸法对其进行精炼处理。通过单因素实验和正交实验进行工艺优化,以获得合适的大豆油精炼条件。结果表明:采用磷脂酶C酶法脱胶的最佳工艺条件为pH 5.4,酶添加量10.0μL/kg,酶解温度45.0℃。在此条件下,大豆毛油磷含量从141.6 mg/kg降低至7.3 mg/kg,脱胶率94.8%;最佳的脱酸工艺条件为保温时间40.0 min、加水温度90.0℃、水质量分数3.0%、絮凝剂质量分数0.7%,此条件下大豆油酸值为0.42 mg KOH/g,磷含量为6.2 mg/kg。大豆毛油经酶法脱胶和吸附脱酸处理后的磷含量和酸价显著降低,品质提高。

In this study,soybean oil was refined by enzymatic degumming and adsorption deacidification.The process was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment to obtain suitable refining conditions of soybean oil.The results indicated that the optimum conditions for degumming by phospholipase C enzymatic method were pH of 5.4,enzyme dosage of 10.0μL/kg and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 45.0℃.Under these conditions,the phosphorus of soybean crude oil was reduced to 7.3 mg/kg.The optimal deacidification conditions were holding time of 40.0 min,adding temperature of 90.0℃,water mass fraction of 3.0%and flocculating dose of 0.7%.Under these conditions,soybean oleic acid value was 0.42 mg KOH/g and phosphorus content was 6.2 mg/kg.After enzymatic degumming and adsorption deacidification,the phosphorus content and acid value of soybean crude oil were significantly reduced,and the quality was improved.