柠檬风味初榨橄榄油品质分析

Quality Analysis of Lemon-Flavored Virgin Olive Oil

以柠檬风味橄榄油为研究对象,通过其质量指标、脂肪酸组成、甾醇含量和香气组成综合分析柠檬风味初榨橄榄油的品质。结果表明:柠檬风味橄榄油油品酸值、过氧化值、紫外吸光度、脂肪酸乙酯含量、水分及挥发物均符合GB/T 23347—2021质量指标要求;新鲜柠檬的加入提高了脂肪酸含量,柠檬风味橄榄油中总脂肪酸含量比原味橄榄油高9.378 g/100 g,柠檬风味橄榄油中亚油酸与亚麻酸比值7.75∶1.00接近推荐值6.67∶1.00,柠檬风味橄榄油不饱和度(5.37)高于原味橄榄油(5.03);柠檬风味橄榄油中甾醇类化合物含量(1885.9 mg/kg)低于原味橄榄油(2968.9 mg/kg);原味初榨橄榄油主要香气成分以醛类物质为主,柠檬风味初榨橄榄油主要香气成分是萜烯类物质,柠檬的加入使柠檬风味橄榄油特有β-蒎烯、α-松油烯、莰烯、(E)-β-罗勒烯、β-石竹烯、萜品油烯、α-水芹烯、桧烯8种萜烯类物质。柠檬风味橄榄油的品质与柠檬、油橄榄混合比例及其品种、成熟度、产地密切相关,避免柠檬的添加淹没初榨橄榄油的典型品质及香味从而获得理想的柠檬风味橄榄油,需重点优选柠檬和油橄榄混合比例因素。

In this study,lemon-flavor olive oil was taken as the research object.The quality of lemon-flavored virgin olive oil was analyzed by its quality index,fatty acid composition,sterol content and aroma composition.The results indicated that the acid value,peroxide value,UV absorbance,fatty acid ethyl ester content,water content,volatile matter and insoluble impurities of lemon flavor olive oil met the requirements of GB/T 23347—2021.The addition of fresh lemon increased the fatty acid content,the content of total fatty acids in lemon-flavored olive oil was 9.378 g/100 g higher than that of original olive oil.The ratio of linoleic acid to linolenic acid in lemon-flavored olive oil was 7.75∶1.00,close to the recommended value of 6.67∶1.00,the unsaturation of lemon-flavored olive oil(5.37)was higher than that of original olive oil(5.03),the content of sterols in lemon-flavored olive oil was significantly decreased,and the main aroma components of original virgin olive oil were mainly aldehydes,lemon-flavored virgin olive oil.The main aroma components of lemon-flavored virgin olive oil were terpenes.With the addition of lemon,the lemon-flavored olive oil had eight terpenoids,includingβ-pinene,α-terpinene,camphene,(E)-β-ocimene,β-caryophyllene,terpene,α-cress and sabinene.The quality of lemon-flavored olive oil was closely related to the mixture ratio of lemon and olive and its variety,maturity and origin,it was required to avoid adding lemon to submerge the typical quality and aroma of virgin olive oil to obtain the ideal lemon flavor olive oil,and it was necessary to focus on optimizing the ratio of lemon and olive oil.