甘油二酯安全性评价及其副产物综合利用的研究进展

Research Progress on Safety Evaluation and Application of Diglycerides and Comprehensive Utilization of By-products

甘油二酯(DAG)是一种功能性油脂,在降血脂、减少内脏脂肪、抑制体重增加等方面有重要作用。DAG有3种异构体,其中1,3-DAG分子结构特异,具有与传统油脂不同的代谢途径、吸收和消化能力,可以抑制体脂积聚和降低餐后血清三酰甘油、胆固醇和葡萄糖水平。然而,目前DAG的制备存在底物利用率低和副产物产量较大等问题。文章综述了DAG的制备、纯化工艺及检测技术,重点介绍了DAG制备过程中副产物的综合再利用,总结了近年DAG生产过程中的安全性评价(如缩水甘油酯、氯丙醇酯等)及代谢的研究进展,并且对DAG体内体外、急性慢性毒性以及致癌性的研究进行了综述,并展望了DAG在化工、医药以及食品方面的应用,旨在为DAG副产物综合利用及安全性评价提供参考价值。

Diglycerides(DAG)are functional oils that play an important role in lowering blood lipids,reducing visceral fat and inhibiting weight gain.DAG has three isomers,of which,1,3-DAG has a specific molecular structure.Comparing with traditional oils,1,3-DAG has different metabolic pathways,absorption and digestion capabilities,inhibiting body fat accumulation and reducing postprandial serum triacylglycerol,cholesterol and glucose levels.However,the preparation of DAG has problems of low substrate utilization and large by-product yield,etc.In this paper,the preparation,purification process and detection technology of DAG were reviewed,and the comprehensive reuse of by-products in the preparation process of DAG was introduced.The recent research progress on safety evaluation(including glycidyl ester and chloropropanol ester,etc.)and metabolism in the production process of DAG was summarized,and the research on in vivo and in vitro acute chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of DAG was reviewed.Finally,the application of DAG in chemical,pharmaceutical and food applications were prospected,aiming to provide reference value for the comprehensive utilization and safety evaluation of DAG by-products.