智能制造对企业间生产率差距的影响研究——基于管理者时间导向的调节效应

Research on the Impact of Intelligent Manufacturing on the Productivity Gap of Enterprises:The Regulatory Effect Based on Manager’s Time Orientation

缩小企业间生产率差距是新时期我国全面提升总生产率和缩小贫富差距的关键一环。现阶段,实施智能制造是我国制造业转型升级和实现制造业高质量发展的关键途径。基于此,选取2009—2019年2031家制造业上市公司数据,通过多时点双重差分方法研究智能制造对企业生产率差距的影响及作用机制。研究发现:实施智能制造通过资源趋同和资源共享显著缩小企业间生产率差距;此外,智能制造对企业间生产率差距的影响受到管理者时间导向的调节作用,管理者的前瞻性对智能制造与企业生产率差距具有正向调节作用,管理者的短视性具有负向调节作用。以上结论表明,企业应积极实施智能制造战略,加强管理者能力和素质的提升以及对于企业前沿战略的预判。本研究丰富了智能制造与企业生产率差距的研究框架,为当下实现中国式现代化中效率和公平相统一提供了重要的实践价值。

Narrowing the productivity gap between firms is a key link of comprehensively improving total productivity and narrowing the wealth gap in the new era.At present,implementing intelligent manufacturing is a key way for China’s manufacturing industry to transform and upgrade and achieve high-quality development.Based on this,this paper takes listed companies from 2009 to 2019 as a sample to study the impact and mechanism of intelligent manufacturing on the productivity gap of firms through the time-varying difference-in-differences method.It is found that the implementation of intelligent manufacturing can significantly narrow the productivity gap between firms through resource convergence and resource.In addition,the impact of intelligent manufacturing on the productivity gap between firms is moderated by the manager’s time orientation,and a forward-looking time orientation among managers positively moderates this relationship,while managerial myopia negatively moderates the relationship.The above conclusion shows that firms should actively implement manufacturing intelligence projects,strengthen the improvement of managers’capabilities and qualities,and predict the cutting-edge strategies of firms.This study enriches the research framework of manufacturing intelligence and productivity gap,and provides important practical value for the integration of efficiency and fairness in the current realization of Chinese-type modernization.