树皮小蠹-微生物共生关系研究进展

Research progress on symbiotic relationships between bark beetles and microorganisms

昆虫作为地球上数量最多、分布最广的动物类群,与共生微生物形成密切的协作关系,以此弥补它们在生理和新陈代谢上的功能缺失,从而取得生态优势地位.树皮小蠹是近几年备受关注的一类重要林业害虫,它们与微生物之间存在着广泛的共生关系,其中部分微生物对其适合度有显著影响.本文总结树皮小蠹的分类和危害、树皮小蠹有益共生微生物对其生命活动的影响,以及树皮小蠹与微生物共生关系的维持机制.目前有关树皮小蠹与共生微生物关系的研究主要集中于几个危害性较大的树皮小蠹物种,为获得更多关于树皮小蠹与微生物共生关系的普适性结果,未来的研究需要扩大树皮小蠹物种的研究范围.同时,需要结合多种组学技术,并在更大的时空格局不断拓展人们对树皮小蠹共生微生物功能的认识,更好地理解微生物在树皮小蠹生态和进化中的作用,并助力开发利用特定微生物进行树皮小蠹害虫防治的新型绿色防控方法.

Insects,as the most abundant and widely distributed animal taxa on Earth,have established intimate symbiotic relationships with a myriad of microorganisms.These interactions compensate for physiological and metabolic deficiencies in the host insect,granting them ecological advantages.Bark beetles have received much attention in recent years as an important group of forest pests.They have a wide range of symbiotic relationships with microorganisms,some of which significantly affect their fitness.This review summarizes the categories and damages of the bark beetle,the effects of beneficial symbiotic microorganisms on the vital functions of the bark beetle,and the maintenance mechanisms of the symbiotic relationship between the bark beetle and microorganisms.The current research on the relationship between the bark beetle and symbiotic microorganisms mainly focuses on a few highly damaging species,and it is necessary to expand the scope of research on the bark beetle species to obtain more generalized results on the microbial symbionts of the bark beetle.Meanwhile,there is a need to combine multi-omics techniques and to continuously expand the knowledge of the functions of the symbiotic microorganisms of the bark beetle on a larger spatial and temporal scale for a better understanding of the roles of microorganisms in the ecology and evolution of the bark beetle and the development of novel green control methods that utilize specific microorganisms to control bark beetle pests.