原位技术在聚合物固态电解质中的应用进展

Application progress of in-situ technology in polymer solid electrolytes

聚合物固态电解质因安全性高、柔性大、种类丰富、价格低等优势,为高能量密度锂金属电池产业化奠定基础。但受界面等问题的限制,目前聚合物固态电解质的电化学性能仍然较差。近几年,原位技术在电解质的研发领域受到越来越高的关注。以原位聚合和原位表征为代表的原位技术极大促进了聚合物固态电解质的发展。原位聚合通过优化电极、电解质界面提升电池电化学性能,原位表征可在无破坏的前提下探究电池内部的电化学机制。本文综述了聚合物固态电解质与原位技术的发展背景,重点讨论了近几年原位聚合在不同种类聚合物固态电解质中的应用进展以及原位表征在原位制备聚合物电解质中的应用,并指出原位技术在聚合物固态电解质的制备和表征方面极具应用前景,同时针对原位聚合存在聚合程度难以控制、基质结构缺乏设计等问题提出了专注于机理研究、开发新的引发条件及反应体系等解决建议。

Polymer solid electrolytes have advantages such as high safety,large flexibility,rich variety and low price,laying the foundation for the industrialization of high energy density lithium metal batteries.However,due to the limitations of interface and other problems,the electrochemical performance of polymer solid electrolytes is still poor.In recent years,the in-situ technology has received more and more attention in the field of electrolyte research and development.In-situ technology represented by in-situ polymerization and in-situ characterization has greatly promoted the research of polymer solid electrolytes.In-situ polymerization improves the electrochemical performance of batteries by optimizing electrode and electrolyte interface,and in-situ characterization can explore the electrochemical mechanism inside battery without damage.The historical development of polymer solid electrolytes and in-situ technology was reviewed in this paper.The development and application of in-situ polymerization in various types of polymer solid electrolytes in recent years were discussed,as well as the use of in-situ characterization in in-situ polymer electrolyte preparation.The in-situ technology has great application prospects in the preparation and the characterization of polymer solid electrolytes was pointed out.Simultaneously,several recommendations about focusing on mechanism research,developing new initiation conditions and reaction are proposed to address the problem of the difficulty in controlling the degree of polymerization and the lack of design of matrix structure in in-situ polymerization.