海军新训官兵训练伤及其与睡眠、疲劳、情绪的关系

Relationship between training injuries and sleep,fatigue and mood in Naval recruits

目的 调查新训期间海军官兵训练伤情况及其生理和心理影响因素,研究训练伤及其与睡眠、疲劳、情绪的关系。方法 采取整群抽样,于2022年秋季通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、疲劳量表-14、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表和自编训练伤调查问卷对某海军训练基地1 469名新训官兵进行调查,分析新训官兵训练伤发生率以及睡眠情况、疲劳、情绪对训练伤的影响。结果 在受访的1 469名官兵中,280名官兵在半年内发生过训练伤,发生率为19.1%。膝关节、脚踝和腰腹部训练伤发病率分列前3位。男性、35岁以下官兵训练伤发病率高于女性、36岁以上官兵(χ^(2)_(性别)=9.816, P=0.001;χ^(2)_(年龄)=3.914, P=0.048)。海军新训官兵焦虑、应激情绪和睡眠质量与训练伤存在相关性(P<0.05)。睡眠问题(OR=1.949, P<0.001)是官兵发生训练伤最直接的危险因素。结论 新训官兵睡眠状况会直接影响个体训练伤的发生,个体的焦虑等情绪及疲劳堆积会延缓训练伤恢复,甚至会诱发额外的训练伤。

Objective To investigate the training injuries and physiological and psychological factors of recruits in the first training stage,and to study the relationship between training injuries and sleep,fatigue and emotion.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1469 recruits at a naval training base with the Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale(PSQI),fatigue scale-14(FS14),depression anxiety stress scale(DASS-21)and self-designed training injury questionnaire.The incidence of training injuries and the influence of sleep,fatigue and emotions on training injuries were analyzed.Results The incidence of training injuries was 19.1%(280/1469),and the knee,ankle,and waist and abdomen ranked the top three.The incidence of training injuries among male recruits under 35 years of age was significantly higher than that among female recruits over 36 years old(χ^(2)_(sex)=9.816,P=0.001;χ^(2)_(age)=3.914,P=0.048).There was a correlation between anxiety,stress and sleep quality of officers and soldiers and training injuries(P<0.05).Sleep problems were the mostly direct risk factors for training injuries(OR=1.949,P<0.001).Conclusion Sleep will directly affect the occurrence of training injuries of recruits in the first training stage,and also individual anxiety and other emotions and fatigue accumulation may delay the recovery of training injuries,and even will directly induce additional training injuries.