近十年跌倒预防运动干预相关研究热点的可视化分析

Visualized Analysis of Research Hotspots in Exercise Intervention for Fall Prevention Over the Past Decade

目的探讨近十年跌倒预防相关运动干预的研究热点与前沿,为促进患者安全提供借鉴和参考。方法检索Web of Science核心数据库(WOS)自2012年1月至2021年12月收录的运动预防跌倒相关文献,运用CiteSpace软件对纳入文献进行可视化分析。结果共纳入2224篇文献。运动对跌倒预防的作用持续受到关注,近十年相关研究发文量呈上升趋势,发文量最多的国家是美国,其次是澳大利亚和英国,但不同国家间的研究交流较少,且学术共同体较少。相关研究的研究方法从早期的随机对照试验研究,逐步向循证实践研究过渡;关注对象从普通老年人群逐步扩展到绝经期妇女、骨质疏松患者、帕金森病患者、痴呆患者等特殊人群;研究内容呈现多学科交叉融合趋势,强调以人为本的照护理念,多关注跌倒患者的长期预后等问题。结论目前跌倒预防运动干预相关研究仍处于探索上升阶段,后续研究可通过加强不同学科和机构间的合作、积极开展跌倒患者延续护理等举措,进一步改善患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the research hotspots and frontier areas of exercise intervention for fall prevention over the past decade,aiming to provide a reference for improving patient safety.Methods Articles regarding the exercise for fall prevention published in the Web of Science(WOS)from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrieved.Visualized analysis of the included articles was conducted using CiteSpace software.Results A total of 2224 articles were included.The effect of exercise on fall prevention continues to gain attention.The number of related publications has risen over the past decade.The United States led in the number of related publications,followed by Australia and the United Kingdom.However,research exchanges between different countries and the number of academic communities remained limited.In this area,research methods have evolved over time,initially focusing on randomized controlled trials and later incorporating evidence-based practical research.The scope of research subjects has broadened over time,from ordinary elderly populations to special populations(menopausal women,osteoporosis patients,Parkinson disease patients,dementia patients,etc.).The research contents showed a trend of interdisciplinary integration,highlighted the concept of people-oriented care and placed greater emphasis on the long-term prognosis of patients who had experienced falls.Conclusion Currently,research on exercise intervention for fall prevention is still in its exploratory phase.In future research,the quality of life of patients who experienced falls may be improved by strengthening cooperation among different disciplines and institutions and proactively implementing transitional care.