经阴道分娩产妇产后早期疲乏水平及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Early Postpartum Fatigue Level and Its Influencing Factors in Lying-in Women Undergo⁃ing Vaginal Delivery

目的 通过调查了解经阴道分娩产妇产后早期疲乏水平并分析及其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年4月至2023年5月在莆田学院附属医院住院且经阴道分娩的148名产妇作为研究对象。产后1 d,使用中文版产后疲乏量表(PFS)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)及产后社会支持量表(PSQ)评价产妇产后疲乏水平、抑郁程度及社会支持水平,并采用多元线性回归分析产后早期疲乏的影响因素。结果 148名经阴道分娩产妇产后1 d的PFS评分为(17.45±3.24)分,处于中等疲乏水平;多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁、无母婴皮肤接触、产后抑郁、社会支持低下、睡眠质量差对经阴道分娩产妇产后早期疲乏水平有一定影响,可解释总变异的54.9%(P<0.05)。结论 经阴道分娩产妇产后早期疲乏处于中等水平,医护人员应重点关注高龄产妇、存在产后抑郁、睡眠质量较差、社会支持水平较低且产后未进行母婴皮肤接触的产妇,通过针对性开展产后宣教、心理疏导、环境管理等,改善产妇产后早期疲乏,促进母婴健康及产科护理质量提升。

Objective To investigate the level of early postpartum fatigue and analyze its influencing factors in lying-in women undergoing vaginal delivery.Methods A total of 148 lying-in women were selected by convenience sampling who were hospitalized and underwent vaginal delivery in the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from April 2022 to May 2023.The levels of postpartum fatigue,depression and social support were evaluated on the first day after delivery using the Postpartum Fatigue Scale(PFS,Chinese version),Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS)and Postpartum Support Questionnaire(PSQ).Results For the 148 lying-in women undergoing vaginal delivery,the PFS score was(17.45±3.24)points on the first day after delivery,indicating a moderate level of fatigue;based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis,the early postpartum fatigue level of these women was influenced to a certain extent by several factors:age≥35 years,lack of mother-to-child skin contact,postpartum depression,low social support and poor sleep quality,explaining 54.9%of the total variation(P<0.05).Conclusion The early postpartum fatigue of lying-in women undergoing vaginal delivery is at a moderate level.Healthcare providers should focus on lying-in women with the following risk actors:advanced age,postpartum depression,poor sleep quality,low social support and lack of mother-to-child skin contact after delivery.By providing targeted postpartum education,psychological counseling and environmental management,the early postpartum fatigue of lying-in women can be relieved.This approach can promote maternal and infant health and enhance the quality of obstetric care.