淄博市某蓄电池厂在岗职工高胆固醇血症患病率与危险因素分析

Analysis on the prevalence and risk factors of hypercholesterolemia among employees at a storage battery factory in Zibo City

目的分析淄博市某蓄电池厂在岗职工高胆固醇血症(hypercholesterolemia)患病率及危险因素,为该类人群高胆固醇血症的防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样方法,以淄博市某蓄电池厂在岗职工为研究对象,通过职业健康体检及问卷调查收集数据,根据血总胆固醇水平定义高胆固醇血症。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析,计量资料不符合正态分布时用M(P_(25),P_(75))表示,组间比较采用非参数Mann-Whitney U检验,计数资料率的比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验,将是否为高胆固醇血症作为二分类标量,二元logistic回归分析高胆固醇血症的危险因素,P<0.05差异有统计学意义。结果该研究共纳入280人为研究对象,年龄为37(33.0,44.0)岁,总胆固醇总体水平是4.8(4.2,5.4)mmol/L,其中25人患有高胆固醇血症,高胆固醇血症患病率为8.9%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,饮酒、血铅水平、甘油三酯、血糖、收缩压水平是高胆固醇血症的独立危险因素(P<0.05),OR值(95%CI)分别是8.897(1.739,45.519)、1.062(1.007,1.130)、3.689(1.370,9.934)、1.381(1.081,1.765)、1.054(1.002,1.108)。舒张压、工龄、身体质量指数(BMI)不是高胆固醇血症的危险因素(均P>0.05)。结论该蓄电池厂在岗职工高胆固醇血症发病率较高,以男性为主。饮酒、甘油三酯、血糖、血铅水平均是高胆固醇血症患病的独立危险因素。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of hypercholesterolemia among employees at a storage battery factory in Zibo City,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia.Methods With convenient sampling method,occupational health examination and questionnaire survey were used to collect data of employees at a storage battery factory in Zibo City,and hypercholesterolemia was defined according to blood total cholesterol.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 26.0 software.When the measurement data did not conform to the normal distribution,M(P_(25),P_(75))was used to represent the measurement data.Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups.Pearsonχ^(2)test was used to compare the counting data rate.The risk factors of hypercholesterolemia were analyzed by binary logistic regression,and the difference was statistically significant,P<0.05.Results A total of 280 subjects were enrolled in this study,the age was 37(33.0,44.0)years old,and the total cholesterol level was 4.8(4.2,5.4)mmol/L.Among them,25 subjects had hypercholesterolemia,and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 8.9%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption,blood lead level,triglyceride,blood glucose and systolic blood pressure were independent risk factors for hypercholesterolemia.The OR values(95%CI)were 8.897(1.739,45.519),1.062(1.007,1.130),3.689(1.370,9.934),1.381(1.081,1.765)and 1.054(1.002,1.108),respectively.Diastolic blood pressure,sex,length of service and BMI were not risk factors for hypercholesterolemia.Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia among employees at this storage battery factory is high,mainly male.Alcohol consumption,triglycerides,blood glucose and blood lead levels are independent risk factors for hypercholesterolemia.