“V得一V”构式探析

An Analysis of the Structure V De Yi(得-)V

“V得一V”构式是“V一V”构式的扩展式之一,可以追溯到动词重叠式“VV”。该构式萌芽于南宋,活跃于元明清,现代汉语中有少量遗存。该构式与“V了一V”“V上一V”有平行关系和竞争关系,具有四种语法意义,其中的“得”是表达“V一V”能动性或客观条件许可的显性语法手段。

The structure of V de yi(得)V is one of the extended forms of V yi(-)V structure,which can be traced back to the verb overlapping form V V,sprouting in the Southern Song Dynasty,active in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,with a few remnants in modern Chinese.It has a parallel and competitive relationship with V le yi(了-)V and V shang yi(上一)V,and has four grammatical meanings,of which de(得)is an explicit grammatical means to express the initiative of V yi(-)V or objective conditions permitting.