健康公平视角下银川市城区医疗资源空间可达性研究

Spatial Accessibility of Medical Resources in Urban Areas of Yinchuan from the Perspective of Health Equity

目的基于健康公平视角,分析银川市城区医疗资源布局及空间可达性,为优化银川市医疗卫生资源空间布局,提高居民就医公平性提供参考借鉴。方法采用两步移动搜寻法模型,对银川市城区不同级别医疗机构的服务阈值和空间可达性进行测算;引入全局自相关、局部自相关分析其空间关联及空间分布格局。结果银川市城区医疗资源和人口多集中在城区中部,医疗资源空间可达性呈单核并向外围递减的特征;越高级别医疗机构的医疗资源空间可达性越高,分布越不均衡;银川市城区各级医疗机构及整体医疗资源空间可达性存在显著空间自相关,向高水平方向集聚。结论银川市城区整体医疗资源丰富,但空间分布不均衡,医疗资源的可及性和公平性有待提高,应完善分级诊疗制度,加强各级医疗机构合作,促进医疗资源合理流动。

Objective Based on the perspective of health equity,this paper analyzes the layout and spatial accessibility of medical resources in Yinchuan City,so as to provide reference for optimizing the spatial layout of medical resources in Yinchuan city and improving the fairness of residents'medical treatment.Methods A two-step mobile search model was used to calculate the service threshold and spatial accessibility of medical institutions at different levels in urban areas of Yinchuan;Global autocorrelation and local autocorrelation are introduced to analyze its spatial correlation and spatial distribution pattern.Results Most of the medical resources and population in urban areas of Yinchuan were concentrated in the middle of the city,and the spatial accessibility of medical resources showed the characteristics of single core and decreasing outward;The higher the level of medical institutions,the higher the spatial accessibility of medical resources,and the more uneven the distribution;There is a significant spatial autocorrelation in the spatial accessibility of medical institutions at all levels and the overall medical resources in urban areas of Yinchuan,which is gathering in a high-level direction.Conclusion The urban areas of Yinchuan is rich in medical resources,but the spatial distribution is uneven.The accessibility and fairness of medical resources need to be improved.It is necessary to improve the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system,strengthen the cooperation of medical institutions at all levels,and promote the rational flow of medical resources.