肺鳞状细胞癌组织PCBP1、GPSM2表达与EMT、临床病理特征和预后的关系

Relationship between PCBP1 and GPSM2 expression and EMT,clinicopathological fea⁃tures and prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma

目的 探究肺鳞状细胞癌组织聚(rC)结合蛋白1(PCBP1)、G蛋白信号调控因子2(GPSM2)表达与上皮-间质转化(EMT)、临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法 收集2019年1月至2023年1月联勤保障部队第九八四医院、火箭军特色医学中心及池州市人民医院收治的92例肺鳞状细胞癌患者活检或手术标本。采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测并比较肺鳞状细胞癌组织、癌旁组织PCBP1、GPSM2 mRNA表达,分析肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1、GPSM2表达与EMT相关蛋白(β-catenin)、临床病理特征关系。随访1年后将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较两组肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1、GPSM2 mRNA表达,绘制ROC曲线评估PCBP1、GPSM2表达对肺鳞状细胞癌患者预后不良的预测价值。结果 肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1表达显著低于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(t=6.502, P<0.05);GPSM2表达显著高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(t=8.401,P<0.05)。β-catenin胞膜阳性见于肺鳞状细胞癌及癌旁组织,核阳性仅见于癌组织,且为灶状阳性表达。(P<0.05)。spearman相关性分析,肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1与β-catenin表达呈负相关,GPSM2与β-catenin表达呈正相关(r=-0.3286、0.445,P<0.05)。肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1低表达、GPSM2高表达与分化程度、N分期、M分期、肺内转移相关(P<0.05)。预后不良组PCBP1mRNA水平低于预后良好组,而GPSM2 mRNA水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.639、4.768,P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,PCBP1联合GPSM2预测肺鳞状细胞癌患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)最大,为0.924。结论 肺鳞状细胞癌组织中PCBP1低表达、GPSM2高表达与EMT相关蛋白、肿瘤分化程度、N分期、M分期、肺内转移及预后相关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of poly(rC)-binding protein 1(PCBP1)and G protein signal regulator 2(GPSM2)in lung squamous cell carcinoma and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods Biopsy or surgical specimens were collected from 92 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to the 984th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force,Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center and Chizhou People’s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2023.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect and compare the expression of PCBP1 and GPSM2 mRNA in lung squamous cell carcinoma tis-sues and adjacent tissues.Additionally,the expression of PCBP1 and GPSM2 in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues was analyzed in relation to EMT-related protein(β-catenin)and clinicopathological features.After 1 year of follow-up,the patients were divided into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group.The ex-pression of PCBP1 and GPSM2 mRNA in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues was compared between the two groups.An ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of PCBP1 and GPSM2 expression for poor prognosis in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma.Results The expression of PCBP1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.502,P<0.05).The expression of GPSM2 was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues,and the dif-ference was statistically significant(t=8.401,P<0.05).The positive expression ofβ-catenin membrane was found in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent tissues,while the nuclear positive expression was only found in cancer tissues,and it was focal positive expression(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that PCBP1 was negatively correlated withβ-catenin expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma,and GPSM2 was positively correlated withβ-catenin expression(r=-0.3286,0.445,P<0.05).The low expression of PCBP1 and the high expression of GPSM2 in lung squamous cell carcinoma were related to the degree of differentiation,N stage,M stage and lung metastasis(P<0.05).The level of PCBP1 mRNA in the poor prognosis group was lower than that in the good prognosis group,while the level of GPSM2 mRNA was higher than that in the good progno-sis group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.639,4.768,P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of PCBP1 combined with GPSM2 in predicting poor prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma was the largest,which was 0.924.Conclusion The low expression of PCBP1 and the high expression of GPSM2 in lung squamous cell carcinoma are related to EMT-related proteins,tumor differentiation,N stage,M stage,pulmonary metastasis and prognosis.