数字乡村标准化政策执行的内在逻辑分析

Analysis on the internal logicof standardization policies implementation in digital countryside

随着数字乡村标准体系建设指南的发行,各试点地区开始从数字化基础设施建设、平台运营与管理、体系保障等方面进行政策对标。但由于试点地区的经济社会发展水平、数字化基础和资源禀赋不同,数字乡村标准化政策的执行也会出现不同的结果。既有研究大多从数字乡村的内涵、机制、治理绩效和发展路径等方面进行了详细分析,但都未能回复现实数字乡村建设的政策执行过程中,其运行逻辑如何。基于过程性理论视角,考察Z市数字乡村标准化政策执行的内在逻辑,分析基层政府作为数字乡村标准化政策执行主体,如何从上级政府的压力传导中进行能动性执行从而维持利益平衡的。研究发现:Z市在试点初期,上级政府通过高位推动、注意力强化、科层动员与监督考核等压力传导方式企图推动政策执行。随着政策执行的深入,基层政府的双重身份使其在试点政策执行中会通过“成本-收益”法进行试点政策执行的理性实施。但利益选择存在着非理性弊端,还需重视基层政府的能力建设问题。此次研究拓展了政策执行的相关理论,跳出了政策执行的传统性研究,以过程视角打开了政策研究的方向,为数字乡村标准化建设提供了有效经验。

With the publication of the digital rural standard system construction guideline,the pilot areas began to benchmark their policies from the aspects of digital infrastructure construction,platform operation and management,system guarantee and so on.However,due to the different economic and social development level,digital foundation and resource endowment in the pilot areas,the implementation of digital rural standardization policies have different results.Most existing studies have made a detailed analysis from the connotation,mechanism,governance performance and development path of digital countryside,but they failed to analyze its operation logic in policy implementation process.process theory,this paper explores the internal logic of the implementation of digital rural standardization policy in Z city,analyze how the grassroots government take the initiative from the pressure transmission of the higher government to maintain the balance of interests.It finds that in the initial stage of the pilot,the higher-level government tried to promote the implementation of policies through pressure transmission methods such as high-level promotion,attention strengthening,bureaucratic mobilization and supervision and assessment.With the deepening of policy implementation,the dual status of the grass-roots government makes it carry out the rational implementation of policies through the"cost-benefit"method.However,there are irrational disadvantages in the selection of interests,so we should pay attention to the capacity construction of the grass-roots government.This research provides effective experience for the construction of digital rural standardization.