超声检查诊断甲状腺结节的临床价值

Clinical Value of Ultrasound in Diagnosing Thyroid Nodules

目的探究超声检查诊断甲状腺结节的临床价值。方法选择2017年5月—2023年5月甲状腺结节患者600例为研究对象,依据不同诊断检查的方式细分为观察组(超声检查诊断方式)、对照组(病理检查),并将对照组诊断方式作为金标准。比较分析良恶性结节诊断准确率、超声检查影像表现、病理与钙化超声类型、甲状腺结节和不同超声分型钙化的病理关系等。结果对照组为金标准。观察组真阳性105例,假阳性15例;真阴性450例,假阴性30例。观察组诊断良性450例(93.75%),恶性105例(87.50%),但两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),结果证实对照组诊断准确率高于观察组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组中良、恶性结节形态规则、微小钙化、边界清楚、有晕环、囊实性超声波影响对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是低回声对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);105例恶性患者中共有未分化癌2例、淋巴瘤2例、乳头状癌70例、滤泡癌26例、髓样癌5例;450例良性患者中共有甲状腺腺瘤300例、甲状腺肿150例;此次研究中通过对良、恶钙化超声分型对比分析,得出Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是Ⅲ型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在甲状腺结节患者的诊疗过程中,应用超声诊断方法表现出接近病理诊断的准确率,同时该方法具有经济实惠、操作简便、无创等显著优势,适宜在临床实践中广泛应用。

Objective To explore clinical value of ultrasound in diagnosing thyroid nodules.Methods The paper chose 600 patients with thyroid nodules from May 2017 to May 2023,and divided into an observation group(treated with ultrasound diagnosis)based on different diagnostic methods,control group(with gold standard of pathological examination).Cccuracy of benign and malignant nodules,ultrasound imaging manifestations,pathological and calcification ultrasound types,and pathological relationship were compared and analyzed between thyroid nodules and different ultrasound subtypes of calcification.Results with diagnostic gold standard,accuracy rate of benign and malignant tumors in control group was 100.00%.Observation group had 450 cases of benign tumors(93.75%)and 105 cases of malignant tumors(87.50%).Result s confirmed that diagnostic accuracy in control group was higher than study group,difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in morphology of benign and malignant nodules,microcalcifications,clear boundaries,halos,and cystic solid ultrasound effects in observation group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in low echo contrast(P>0.05).Among 105 malignant patients,there were 2 cases of undifferentiated cancer,2 cases of lymphoma,70 cases of papillary carcinoma,26 cases of follicular carcinoma,and 5 cases of myeloid carcinoma.Among 450 benign patients,there were 300 cases of thyroid adenoma and 150 cases of thyroid enlargement.Comparative analysis of ultrasound classification between benign and malignant calcifications found,there was statistically significant difference between type I and typeⅡ(P<0.05),while typeⅢhad no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusions Ultrasound diagnosis can achieve accuracy close to pathological diagnosis for patients with thyroid nodules,with advantages of cost-effectiveness,simple operation,non-invasive and high accuracy,which is suitable for clinical promotion.