野生动物旅游研究:进展与展望

Research on Wildlife Tourism:Progress and Prospect

野生动物旅游作为探讨人与动物关系的重要实践,已成为国内外研究的热点之一,正确认识其发展历程和理论成果对促进人与自然和谐共生具有重要意义。通过对国内外野生动物旅游相关文献的系统分析,结果发现:(1)野生动物旅游研究主要经历了萌芽期(2000年以前)、探索期(2001年—2014年)和发展期(2015年以后)3个阶段;(2)研究内容主要聚焦影响与影响因素、冲突与管理、伦理转向三大方面,即“影响-冲突-管理-伦理”构成野生动物旅游研究的核心要素链;(3)野生动物旅游研究在理论完善、伦理转向、研究方法等方面存在不足,未来研究需不断丰富理论视角,构建野生动物旅游共同体,突破传统研究范式,创新研究方法。

Wildlife tourism,as an important practice to explore the relationship between humans and animals,has become one of the hot spots at home and abroad.A correct understanding of its development process and theoretical achievements is of great significance for promoting harmonious coexistence between human and nature.Through systematic analysis of literature on wildlife tourism both domestically and internationally,the results show that:(1)The research on wildlife tourism has mainly experienced three stages:the germination period(before 2000),the exploration period(2001—2014),and the development period(after 2015).(2)The research content mainly focuses on three aspects:influence and influencing factors,conflict and management,and ethical turn,that is,“influence-conflict-management-ethics”constitutes the core element chain of wildlife tourism research.(3)The research on wildlife tourism is deficient in theoretical perfection,ethical turn and research methods.In the future,it is still necessary to continuously enrich theoretical perspectives,build a wildlife tourism community,break through traditional research paradigms and innovate research methods.