基于静电纺丝技术的锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料的应用进展

Progress in the Application of Silicon-Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Electrospinning Technology

近年来,随着锂离子电池的广泛应用,对电池性能和安全性提出了更高的要求。硅基负极材料作为一种具有高比容量的锂离子电池材料,具有很高的研究和应用价值。然而,其面临着体积变化大、固体电解质膜(SEI)形成不稳定以及导电性差等问题,限制了其进一步的研究。静电纺丝技术是纳米纤维制造过程中常用的手段之一,为解决硅基材料存在的问题提供了有效的方法。本文旨在系统总结静电纺丝技术在制备锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料中的应用。首先,简要介绍静电纺丝技术的基本原理和发展进程;然后,详细介绍静电纺丝技术在硅碳复合负极材料结构中的应用,包括制备硅纳米纤维、核壳结构和多孔结构等;最后,综合评述目前的研究进展,并展望静电纺丝技术在锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料领域的未来发展方向。

In recent years,with the wide application of lithium-ion batteries,higher requirements have been put forward for battery performance and safety.As a kind of lithium ion battery material with high specific capacity,silicon-based anode material possesses high research and application value.However,it is faced with problems such as large volume change,unstable formation of solid electrolyte film(SEI)and poor conductivity,which limit its further study.Electrospinning is one of the commonly used methods in the fabrication of nanofibers,which provides an effective method for solving the problems existing in siliconbased materials.The purpose of this work is to systematically summarize and analyze the application of electrospinning technology in the preparation of silicon carbon composite anode materials for lithium ion batteries.Firstly,the basic principle and development process of electrospinning technology are briefly introduced.Then,the application of electrospinning technology in the structure of silicon carbon composite anode materials is summarized,including the preparation of silicon nanofibers,core-shell structures and porous structures.Finally,the current research progress is reviewed,and the future development direction of electrospinning technology in the field of silicon-carbon composite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries is prospected.