SLM增材制造铝合金和高温合金微流道磨粒流抛光工艺研究

Study on Abrasive Flow Polishing Process of Aluminum Alloy and High-temperature Alloy Microchannels by SLM Additive Manufacturing

以激光选区熔化(SLM)技术为代表的金属增材制造技术,因固有的“粉末粘附”和“球化效应”等,使得制品的表面十分粗糙,难以满足使用要求。为解决SLM微流道粗糙内孔表面的精加工难题,本研究采用磨粒流抛光技术对SLM制备的AlSi10Mg和GH4169微流道内表面进行抛光,并研究了磨粒流工艺对微流道内孔表面粗糙度和尺寸精度的影响。结果表明,经磨粒流处理后,SLM增材制造铝合金和高温合金的内孔表面质量均得到有效改善,微流道内孔表面的粗糙度下降幅度在50%以上;流道内孔表面干净无多余物附着;流道尺寸精度保持较高水平。因此,磨粒流工艺是SLM增材制造微流道结构零件的一种有效的抛光技术。

The metal additive manufacturing technology represented by the laser selective zone melting(SLM) technology makes the surface of the products very rough due to the inherent "powder adhesion" and "spheroidisation effect",which makes it difficult to meet the usage requirements.Facing the rough bore surface of SLM microfluidic channel,we adopt the abrasive flow polishing technology to polish the inner surface of AlSi10Mg and GH4169 microfluidic channels prepared by SLM,and investigate the effect of abrasive flow process on the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of microfluidic channel bores.The results show that after the abrasive flow treatment,the surface qualities of the bores of both the aluminium alloy and high temperature alloy fabricated by SLM additive manufacturing are effectively improved,and the roughness of the micro-runner bore surface decreases by more than 50%.The surfaces of the runner bores are clean with no attachments.There is no large change in the runner dimensions,and the dimensional accuracy is retained at a relatively high level.Therefore,the abrasive flow process is an effective polishing technique for SLM additive manufacturing of micro-runner structure parts.