透空管式防波堤波浪透射系数的试验研究

Experimental Investigation of Wave Transmission Coefficient for Permeable Tubular Breakwater

采用物理模型试验,本文对透空管式防波堤的消浪效果进行了研究。以透射系数Kt为主要参数,探讨透射系数Kt随堤顶宽度B、坡度m、管径D等结构参数及波浪要素的变化规律。结果显示,透射系数Kt随相对堤顶宽度B/L、波陡H/L、相对水深h/L的增加而减小,当相对堤顶宽度B/L大于0.3、波陡H/L大于0.06、相对水深h/L大于0.3时,透射系数Kt均显著减小并逐渐趋于稳定,波浪的消减作用比较明显;透射系数Kt随防波堤坡度m的增加而增大,当坡度m=1:1.5时,防波堤消浪效果较好;组合管径结构型式的消浪效果明显优于单一管径;通过与透空水平板式结构对比发现,相同工况下,透空管式结构的消波效果较好。

A physical model test is adopted to investigate the wave dissipating performance of permeable tubular breakwater.Transmission coefficient Kt serves as key parameter to explore its relationship with breakwater top width B,slope m,tube diameter D and wave factors.The results show that the transmission coefficient Kt decreases with the increment of relative breakwater width B/L,wave steepness H/L and water depth h/L.When B/L exceeds 0.3,H/L exceeds 0.06,and h/L exceeds 0.3,the corresponding transmission coefficients obviously decrease and then gradually become stable,which shows significant wave dissipation effect.Kt increases with the increment of the slope m,and the breakwater has better wave dissipation performance subject to the slope of 1:1.5.Moreover,the combination of different tube diameters achieves better performance of wave dissipating than that of only one tube diameter.The permeable tubular structure is of better performance of wave dissipation than that of permeable horizontal-plate structure under same working condition.