秦岭南麓赵坝林场华山松疱锈病的发生规律调查及防治技术研究

Investigation on Occurrence Regularity and Control Technology of Pinus Huashanensis Blister Rust in Zhaoba Forest Farm at the Southern Foot of Qinling Mountains

为了探究秦岭南麓赵坝林场华山松疱锈病的发生规律和提高防治效果,特意调查了其为害症状、病原菌和发病规律,并研究了不同的杀菌剂三唑酮、多菌灵和百菌清对其防治效果的差异。结果表明,华山松叶、枝、干均可感染疱锈病,且病菌由叶、枝、干依次侵染。病原菌是茶藨生柱锈菌,具有多寄主和转主迁移的特性,生活史长达1~4 a。树冠无人机喷洒三唑酮、多菌灵和百菌清后,三唑酮的针叶、树枝和树干的发病率和病情指数均最低,分别为8.33%、5.33%、2.33%和0.18、0.10和0.08,较对照(CK)清水分别降低了74.23%、80.26%、77.44%和70.97%、71.43%、66.67%,综合防治效果最好,因而建议在华山松疱锈病的防治中优先使用三唑酮。

In order to investigate the occurrence regularity and improve the control effect of Pinus huashanensis blister rust in Zhaoba forest farm in the southern foot of Qinling Mountains,the symptoms,pathogenic bacteria and pathogenesis of pinus huashanensis were investigated,and the difference of control effect of different fungicides triazolone,carbendazim and chlorothalonil were studied.The results showed that the leaf,branch and stem of Pinus huashanensis could be infected with blister rust,and the pathogen was infected by leaf,branch and stem successively.The pathogenic bacterium was cylindricum ribes,which had the characteristics of multihost and transmigration,and its life span lasted for 1~4 years.After spraying triazolone,carbendazim and chlorothalonil by canopy UAV,the incidence and disease index of the needles,branches and trunks of triazolone were the lowest,which were 8.33%,5.33%,2.33%and 0.18,0.10 and 0.08,respectively.Compared with CK water,it was reduced by 74.23%,80.26%,77.44%and 70.97%,71.43%and 66.67%,respectively.The comprehensive control effect was the best,so it was recommended to give priority to using triazolone in the control of Pinus huashanensis blister rust.