锌肥对水稻生长性状、产量及经济效益的影响

Effects of zinc fertilizer on the growth characteristics,yield,and economic benefits of rice

为探明施用锌肥对水稻生长性状、产量和经济效益的影响,本试验开展了水稻锌肥效应试验小区和大区示范验证。其中小区试验设置常规施肥+基施锌肥(处理1)、常规施肥+基施锌肥+叶面喷施(处理2)、常规施肥+基施锌肥+穗期、灌浆期叶面喷施(处理3)和常规施肥(处理4)4个处理;大区示范设置常规施肥(处理1)、常规施肥+基施锌肥(处理2),和常规施肥+基施锌肥+叶面喷施(处理3)3个处理。小区试验结果表明,施用锌肥能有效促进水稻每穗总粒数和结实率,从而提高水稻产量,与常规施肥比较,施用锌肥的3个处理的水稻产量、籽粒锌含量和经济效益均较好,以常规施肥+基施锌肥+穗期、灌浆期叶面喷施锌肥的处理3增产效果最好。大区示范结果验证了上述结论,综合考虑种植区域土壤理化性状和锌肥的施用量,可推广应用锌肥基施+叶面喷施的施用方式,以达到锌肥的较佳施用效果。

To investigate the effects of zinc fertilizer application on rice growth traits,yield,and economic benefits,the rice zinc fertilizer effect experiments and demonstration verification were conducted respectivly.Four treatments of small-scale experiment were seted up including conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer(treatment 1),conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer+foliar spraying(treatment 2),conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer+foliar spraying during the panicle and grain filling stages(treatment 3),and conventional fertilization(treatment 4).Three treatments of large-scale demonstration were seted up including conventional fertilization(treatment 1),conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer(treatment 2),and conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer+foliar spraying(treatment 3).The results of the community experiment showed that the application of zinc fertilizer could effectively promote the total number of grains per panicle and seed setting rate of rice,thereby increasing rice yield.Compared with conventional fertilization,the three treatments of applying zinc fertilizer had better rice yield,grain zinc content,and economic benefits.The treatment of conventional fertilization+basal zinc fertilizer+foliar spraying of zinc fertilizer during the panicle and grain filling stages had the best yield increasing effect.The demonstration results of the region had verified the above conclusions.Taking into account the soil physical and chemical properties in the planting area and the amount of zinc fertilizer applied,the application method of zinc fertilizer base application+foliar spraying can be promoted to achieve the better application effect of zinc fertilizer.