不同栽培措施及不同品种对烟草青枯病和黑胫病的影响

Effects of different cultivation measures and varieties on tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank

为有效防治烟草青枯病和黑胫病,本试验研究了不同移栽方式(常规移栽、井窖式移栽和膜下小苗移栽)、不同烟草品种(K326、贵烟8号、贵烟5号、云烟85、云烟105、湘烟7号和云烟87)、不同覆膜方式(覆白膜、覆黑膜和不覆膜)和不同烟株茎秆穿孔位置(距地面5、15和25 cm)对烟草青枯病和烟草黑胫病的影响。结果表明,3种移栽方式中膜下小苗移栽发病程度最低;3种覆膜方式中覆黑膜发病程度最轻;烟株发病后在距离地面5 cm茎秆处穿孔能够明显减少青枯病和黑胫病的发生;7个烟草品种中,湘烟7号发病程度最低,为高抗青枯病和黑胫病品种。研究结果为科学有效防治烟草青枯病和黑胫病提供参考。

In order to effectively control tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank,this experiment studied the effects of different transplanting methods(conventional transplanting,well cellar transplanting,and transplanting seedlings under the membrane),tobacco varieties(K326,Guiyan No.8,Guiyan No.5,Yunyan 85,Yunyan 105,Xiangyan No.7,and Yunyan 87),mulching methods(white film,black film,and not covering with film),and stem perforation positions(5,15,and 25 cm form the ground)on tobacco wilt and black shank.The results showed that the incidence of transplanting seedlings under film was the lowest among the 3 transplanting methods.Among the 3 film mulching methods,black film had the lightest incidence;the occurrence of bacterial wilt and black shank could be significantly reduced by perforation at 5 cm from the ground after the onset of tobacco plant.Among the 7 tobacco varieties,the incidence of Xiangyan No.7 was the lowest,which was highly resistant to bacterial wilt and black shank.The research results can provide a reference for scientific and effective prevention and control of tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank.