长白山旅游季气候变化特征分析

Analysis of climate change characteristics during tourism season in Changbai Mountain

旅游气象服务是旅游业安全发展的重要保障。本文基于长白山天池气象站气象资料,运用气候诊断分析方法,分析该地区1961—2023年的气温、降水、降水日数和日照的变化特征。结果表明:该地区旅游季6—9月气温呈现上升趋势,线性倾向率0.22℃/10 a,1993—1994年气温出现突变,突变之后气温平均升高0.8℃。旅游季降水量线性趋势变化平稳,平均降水量在980 mm左右。降水日数总体呈明显减少趋势,线性倾向率-1.7 d/10 a;降水日数在1996—1997年出现突变,突变之后旅游季降水日数平均减少8 d;1997—2023年降水日数转为上升趋势,线性倾向率7.4 d/10 a;进入21世纪旅游季降水日数平均在68 d左右,占旅游季的55.7%。旅游季日照时数增减趋势不明显,线性倾向率-3.2 h/10 a。气温升高拓宽了该地区旅游季时长,旅游始期可以提前至5月中下旬,终期可以延续到10月上中旬;降水量多可能是景区旅游的一大安全隐患,降水日数多对游客游玩有不利影响。该研究可为该地区景区提升旅游气象服务质量,保障旅游安全提供参考。

Tourism meteorological services are an important guarantee for the safe development of the tourism industry.Based on the meteorological data from the Changbai Mountain Tianchi Meteorological Station,climate diagnostic analysis methods was used to analyze the variation characteristics of temperature,precipitation,precipitation days,and sunshine hours in the region from 1961 to 2023.The results showed that the temperature during the tourism season from June to September on Changbai Mountain shows an upward trend,with a linear tendency rate of 0.22℃/10 a.A temperature mutation occurred in 1993 to 1994,and after the mutation,the average temperature increased by 0.8℃.The linear trend of rainfall during the tourism season was stable,with an average precipitation of about 980 mm.The number of precipitation days showed an overall significant decreasing trend,with a linear tendency rate of-1.7 d/10 a.A mutation in the number of precipitation days occurred in 1996 to 1997,after which the average number of precipitation days during the tourism season decreased by 8 days.From 1997 to 2023,the number of precipitation days turned to an upward trend,with a linear tendency rate of 7.4 d/10 a.In the 21st century,the average number of precipitation days during the tourism season was around 68 days,accounting for 55.7%of the tourism season.The trend of change in sunshine hours during the tourism season was not significant,with a linear tendency rate of-3.2 h/10 a.The increase in temperature had extended the duration of the tourism season in the region,with the start of the tourism season potentially advancing to the middle and late May,and the end of the season possibly extending to the early and middle October.Excessive rainfall magbe a major safety hazard for scenic area tourism,and a high number of precipitation days had an adverse effect on tourists activities.This research provide a reference for the Changbai Mountain scenic area to improve the quality of tourism meteorological services and ensure tourism safety.