金代劝农使述论

Agricultural Advisors in Jin Dynasty

金代劝农使始设于海陵王时期。初期由地方长官兼任,其后方有专职官员。在可考的25位劝农使中,女真人占多数。劝农使的入仕途径包括宗室、因功、世袭、科举四途。其族属与入仕途径均体现出金代统治者优先任用女真人的民族特征。劝农使的职责在于巡检、督导和劝课属地的农耕,为金代地方农业经济的恢复和发展做出了重要贡献。

The post for agricultural advisors in Jin Dynasty was originally set during the reign of King Hailing.Initially,these advisors were the dual role of local officials.Later,they became commissioners.Among the 25 known agricultural advisors,the Jurchen people were in majority.There were four paths to becoming an advisor,including connection to the imperial family,achievements,hereditary positions,and success in the imperial examinations.Both their lineage and paths to becoming an official reflect the rulers’initial emphasis on the ethnic characteristics of the Jurchen people.The duties of an advisor included inspection,supervision and suggestion for agriculture in his respective regions.The institution of such post made significant contributions to the recovery and development of local agricultural economies in Jin Dynasty.