淋巴瘤患者CAR-T治疗期间真实体验及需求的质性研究

Real experience and needs of lymphoma patients during CAR-T therapy:a qualitative study

目的了解淋巴瘤患者嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)治疗期间的真实体验及需求,为制定护理干预策略提供指导。方法采用现象学研究方法,对13例接受CAR-T治疗的淋巴瘤患者进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果提炼出3个主题:症状感知多样(发热、疲乏等全身症状以及呼吸、消化、神经等多系统症状);复杂情绪体验交织(希望与怀疑并存、环境适应力改变与失控、多种负性情绪交杂);社会需求迫切(治疗相关信息需求、渴望医护人员关注和帮助、家庭情感支持、居家康复的延续性照护)。结论淋巴瘤患者CAR-T治疗期间承受着较大的身心痛苦,医护人员应给予患者多方面支持,帮助患者识别、改善躯体不适症状,减轻心理负担,满足身心需求,促进疾病康复。

ObjectiveTo explore the real experience and needs of lymphoma patients during chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T)therapy,so as to provide guidance for developing nursing intervention strategies.MethodsThe phenomenological research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 13 lymphoma patients receiving CAR-T therapy,and the interview data was analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.ResultsThree themes were extracted,including diverse symptom perception(systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue,as well as multiple system symptoms such as breathing,digestion,and nerves),complex emotional experience interweaving(coexistence of hope and doubt,changes and loss of environmental adaptability,and a variety of negative emotions),and urgent social needs(treatment related information needs,desire for medical and nursing staff's attention and help,family emotional support,and home rehabilitation continuing care).ConclusionsLymphoma patients experience significant physical and mental pain during CAR-T therapy.Medical and nursing staff should provide patients with comprehensive support to help them identify and improve physical discomfort symptoms,reduce psychological burden,meet physical and mental needs,and promote disease recovery.