共情疲劳在精神科护士组织支持感与治疗性关系之间的中介效应

Mediating effect of compassion fatigue between organizational support and therapeutic relationships in psychiatric nurses

目的调查精神科护士治疗性关系、组织支持感及共情疲劳现状,并分析三者之间的作用机制。方法本研究为横断面研究。于2023年8—9月便利抽取青岛市、济南市及临沂市3所三级甲等精神专科医院的310名精神科护士作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、治疗性关系评估量表-护士版、组织支持感量表及共情疲劳量表进行调查,采用SPSS 22.0软件及Process宏插件进行数据分析。结果本研究共发放问卷310份,回收有效问卷282份,有效回收率为90.97%。282名精神科护士治疗性关系总分为(95.59±18.75)分,共情疲劳总分为45.50(24.75,68.25)分,组织支持感总分为(43.66±13.34)分;治疗性关系与组织支持感呈正相关,与共情疲劳呈负相关,组织支持感与共情疲劳呈负相关(均P<0.01)。组织支持感可直接正向作用于治疗性关系(β=0.291,P<0.01),也可通过共情疲劳的中介效应间接作用于治疗性关系(β=0.212,P<0.01),中介效应占比42.15%。结论共情疲劳在精神科护士组织支持感与治疗性关系之间起部分中介效应;护理管理者应增强对精神科护士的组织支持,以降低其共情疲劳水平,进而改善精神科治疗性关系。

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of therapeutic relationships,organizational support,and compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses,and to analyze the mechanism of action between these variables.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study.From August to September 2023,totally 310 psychiatric nurses were selected from three ClassⅢGrade A psychiatric hospitals in Qingdao,Jinan,and Linyi by convenience sampling.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse(TRAS-N),the Perceived Organizational Support Scale(POSS),and the Chinese version of Compassion Fatigue short Scale(CCFS).SPSS 22.0 and the Process macro plugin were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 310 questionnaires were distributed,with 282 valid responses,yielding a response rate of 90.97%.The total score for TRAS-N among the 282 psychiatric nurses was(95.59±18.75),the total score for CCFS was 45.50(24.75,68.25),and the total score for POSS was(43.66±13.34).Therapeutic relationships were positively correlated with organizational support and negatively correlated with compassion fatigue,while organizational support was negatively correlated with compassion fatigue(all P<0.01).Organizational support had a direct positive effect on therapeutic relationships(β=0.291,P<0.01)and also had an indirect effect through the mediating effect of compassion fatigue(β=0.212,P<0.01),with the mediation effect accounting for 42.15%of the total effect.ConclusionsCompassion fatigue partially mediates the relationship between organizational support and therapeutic relationships in psychiatric nurses.Nursing managers should enhance organizational support for psychiatric nurses to reduce their levels of compassion fatigue,thereby improving therapeutic relationships.