喉癌术后患者嗅觉障碍发生现状及影响因素分析

Incidence and influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in postoperative laryngeal cancer patients

目的了解喉癌术后患者嗅觉障碍的发生现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年11月—2023年8月选取浙江省肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的76例喉癌术后患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、T&T嗅觉功能检查对研究对象进行评估。采用多重线性回归分析探讨喉癌术后患者嗅觉障碍发生的影响因素。结果76例喉癌术后患者术后2周的T&T嗅觉功能检查得分为(4.74±0.93)分。76例患者均发生了嗅觉障碍,其中失嗅25例,重度嗅觉减退33例,中度嗅觉减退17例,轻度嗅觉减退1例。多重线性回归结果显示,年龄、文化程度、手术方式、吸烟史是喉癌术后患者嗅觉障碍发生的影响因素。结论喉癌术后患者会发生不同程度的嗅觉障碍,医护人员应重点关注年龄较大、文化程度较低、全喉切除术、有吸烟史的患者,通过设计切实可行的嗅觉康复方案,早期采取嗅觉训练的方法,以降低嗅觉障碍的发生率。

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in postoperative laryngeal cancer patients.MethodsFrom November 2022 to August 2023,totally 76 postoperative laryngeal cancer patients admitted to the Department of Head and Neck Surgery at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were selected by convenience sampling.General information questionnaire and the T&T olfactometer were used for assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in postoperative laryngeal cancer patients.ResultsThe T&T olfactometer score for the 76 postoperative laryngeal cancer patients at two weeks post-surgery was(4.74±0.93).Olfactory dysfunction occurred in 76 patients,with 25 cases of anosmia,33 cases of severe hyposmia,17 cases of moderate hyposmia,and one case of mild hyposmia.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age,educational level,surgical method,and smoking history were influencing factors for olfactory dysfunction in these postoperative laryngeal cancer patients.ConclusionsPostoperative laryngeal cancer patients experience varying degrees of olfactory dysfunction.Healthcare providers should pay special attention to older patients,those with lower educational levels,those undergoing total laryngectomy,and those with a history of smoking.Designing practical olfactory rehabilitation programs and implementing early olfactory training methods can help reduce the incidence of olfactory dysfunction.