海洋暗光层颗粒附着微生物的群落演替和生态功能

Community succession and ecological functions of particle attached microbes in the twilight zone of the ocean

暗光层是各类元素到达更深水域或海底的必经通道,是海洋对颗粒有机物(particulate organic matter,POM)进行显著降解和生物利用的水层.微生物参与了暗光层中有机物的迁移转化过程,但对其群落演替和代谢活性知之甚少.研究总结了暗光层的环境特征及相关微生物类群的结构和功能,并结合不同海域暗光层上下界面垂直水层中的颗粒附着微生物的群落演替、碳源利用及潜在的生态功能,来解析微生物在暗光层中的空间动态变化,并反映该生态位中微生物对碳源的选择偏好.在未来全球变暖与海洋生物泵作用相对增强的背景下.今后的研究更需聚焦暗光层中的微生物类群,并统一POM粒级划分标准,来阐明暗光层中微型碳泵和深海碳沉降的调控及贡献.

The twilight zone is the essential passage for various elements to reach deeper waters or the seabed,and degradation and utilization of the particulate organic matter(POM)were significantly occurred.Microbes are actively involved in the migration and transformation of the POM in the twilight zone.However,little is known about their community succession and metabolic activity associated with different particles in the twilight zone.We summarized the environmental features of the twilight zone and the structure and function of the related microbial groups.Together with and analyzed the spatial dynamic changes of prokaryotes in the twilight zone by combining the community succession,carbon source utilization,and potential ecological functions of particulate attached prokaryotes in the vertical water layer from the upper to the lower boundary of the twilight zone.It also reflected the initial preference of the carbon source by the natural microbes in this niche.In the context of the relatively enhanced pumping effect of marine organisms in the future global warming,future research needs to focus more on the microbial groups in the twilight zone,and unify the POM particle size classification criteria to clarify the spatial succession process of microorganisms in the twilight zone and their regulatory contributions to deep-sea carbon deposition.