基于超声诊断对中老年食蟹猴心脏结构和功能的基础研究

Basic research on cardiac structure and function of middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkey hearts based on ultrasound diagnosis

目的 针对10岁以上中老年食蟹猴开展心脏结构和功能基础研究,为研究老年疾病动物选择提供基础数据。方法 本研究选取144只10岁以上中老年食蟹猴作为研究对象,分为10~15岁组雌性37只、雄性66只,16~20岁组雌性21只、雄性20只,通过一般指标(身体质量指数、血压、心率)、血液生化指标(血糖、血脂和离子指标)、心脏结构和功能指标比较分析,获得中老年食蟹猴心脏结构和功能相关基础数据。结果 10~15岁组和16~20岁组,一般指标比较,随着年龄增加,雌猴和雄猴血压和心率升高,雄猴血压变化具有显著性差异。两组血液生化指标比较,随着年龄增加,雌猴和雄猴血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血钙、血钠、血钾都显示升高,其中,血糖、甘油三酯(雄)、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(雄)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(雄)、血钙、血钠、血钾变化具有显著性差异;乳酸脱氢酶显示下降,具有显著性差异。两组心脏收缩功能比较,随着年龄增加,雌猴和雄猴左房前后内径都下降,具有显著性差异;雌猴室间隔收缩末径,左心室舒张和收缩末径显示减小,左心室舒张末容积,左心室收缩末容积,左心室质量指数下降,具有显著性差异,雄猴变化不显著。两组心脏舒张功能比较,随着年龄增加,雄猴二尖瓣舒张晚期速度下降,具有显著性差异;雌猴左室侧壁舒张早期速度升高,具有显著性差异。对雌猴和雄猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标进行相关性分析,结果雌猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标的相关性较弱,Γ绝对值最高不超过0.39,雄猴代谢指标与心脏结构和功能指标的相关性相对较强,Γ值绝对值最高达到0.66。结论 基于超声诊断结合代谢指标对食蟹猴心脏功能进行研究,建立中老年食蟹猴心脏结构和功能相关指标基础数据,随着年龄的增加,食蟹猴的血糖、血脂指标升高,心脏收缩和舒张功能有下降趋势,与中老年人群变化相似,为开展心脏功能相关的老年性疾病研究动物选择提供数据支撑。

Objective To conduct basic research on the structure and function of the heart in cynomolgus monkeys older than 10 years to provide data for animal selection in elderly disease research.Methods A total of 144 cynomolgus monkeys>10 years old were selected as research subjects,including 37 females and 66 males in the 10~15 years group,and 21 females and 20 males in the 16~20 years group.Basic data on cardiac structure and function in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained through comparative analysis of general indicators(body mass index,blood pressure,and heart rate),blood biochemical indicators(blood glucose,blood lipids,and ion indicators),and cardiac structure and function indicators.Results General indicators for the 10~15 years and 16~20 years groups were compared.As age increased,the blood pressure and heart rate of female and male monkeys increased,and there was a significant difference in blood pressure changes between male monkeys.A comparison of two sets of blood biochemical indicators showed that,as age increased,blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,blood calcium,blood sodium,and blood potassium increased,while lactate dehydrogenase decreased,in female and male monkeys.Among these,blood glucose,triglycerides(males),total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(males),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(males),blood calcium,blood sodium,blood potassium,and lactate dehydrogenase showed significant changes.A comparison of cardiac contractile function between the two groups showed that,as age increased,the anterior and posterior diameters of the left atrium significantly decreased in both female and male monkeys.Female monkeys showed a significant decrease in the interventricular septal end systolic diameter,left ventricular end diastole and systolic diameters,left ventricular end diastolic and systolic volumes,and left ventricular mass index,while no significant changes were seen in male monkeys.A comparison of diastolic function between the two groups showed that,as age increased,the late diastolic velocity of the mitral valve decreased significantly in male monkeys,while the early diastolic velocity of the left ventricular sidewall increased significantly in female monkeys.Correlation analysis was conducted between the metabolic indicators and the cardiac structure and function indicators of female and male monkeys.The correlations between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators were weak in female monkeys,for which the maximum absoluteΓvalue did not exceed 0.39.However,the correlations between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators were relatively strong in male monkeys,for which the maximum absoluteΓvalue reached 0.66.Conclusions Based on ultrasound analysis combined with metabolic indicators,the heart function of cynomolgus monkeys was studied,and basic data related to the structure and function of the heart in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained.As age increased,blood glucose and lipid indicators increased in cynomolgus monkeys,while cardiac systolic and diastolic functions show a downward trend,similar to changes in middle-aged and older adult human populations.These data provide support for animal selection in research on age-related diseases related to heart function.