大小鼠帕金森病行为学评价方法概述及常用动物模型特点分析

Overview of behavioral evaluation methods of Parkinson’s disease in rat and mouse and analysis of the characteristics of common animal models

帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)是第二大中老年常见的神经退行性疾病,患病周期长、治疗过程复杂,是当今社会的一个巨大挑战。PD动物模型的行为学变化可以直观地反映出实验动物的成模情况与药物干预后的变化情况。因此选择规范的动物模型以及相适宜的行为学检测方法是进行PD机制研究、抗PD药物研发的基础。本文对国内外关于大小鼠的帕金森行为学实验方法进行归纳,对常用帕金森行为学实验的实验设备、实验方法、评价指标、注意事项进行了系统性总结,同时对目前常用的帕金森模型进行了概述,对模型的造模机制、与帕金森临床特征的吻合情况、优缺点进行了分析,以期为研究者根据研究目的选择适宜的帕金森模型与行为学检测方法。

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people.It is characterized by a long disease course and complex treatment process,introducing great challenges to society.Behavioral changes in animal models of Parkinson's disease can intuitively reflect the modeling situation of experimental animals and the effects of drug interventions.Therefore,selecting standardized animal models and appropriate behavioral assays is fundamental for both understanding the mechanisms of Parkinson's disease and developing anti-Parkinson drugs.In this paper,we summarize the method of behavioral experiments of Parkinson's disease using mice and rats at home and abroad and systematically summarize the experimental equipment,experimental method,evaluation indexes,and precautions of commonly used Parkinson's behavioral experiments.We also provide an overview of the commonly used animal models of Parkinson's disease and analyze their modeling mechanisms,alignment with the clinical features of Parkinson's disease,and respective advantages and disadvantages.This analysis will help researchers in choosing appropriate animal models of Parkinson's disease and behavioral testing method according to the purpose of the study.