吸烟与老年人认知功能的相关性——基于CLHLS数据的分析

Correlation between smoking and cognitive function in the elderly-analysis based on CLHLS data

目的基于CLHLS数据库,探讨吸烟与老年人认知障碍之间的关系。方法通过10年的追踪调查数据,选取2008年、2011年、2014年、2018年4次调查的受试者总计1819人,整理基线水平的人口学特征、吸烟相关情况及2018年时认知情况,使用t检验、卡方检验比较其基线有无吸烟史人群的人口学特征,使用二元Logistic回归模型分析吸烟对老年人认知功能的影响。结果在未控制混杂因素时,有吸烟史(OR=0.539,95%CI:0.420,0.692,P<0.001)是老年人认知功能的保护因素。目前吸烟(OR=0.493,95%CI:0.364,0.667,P<0.001)、既往吸烟(已戒)(OR=0.624,95%CI:0.436,0.892,P<0.001)是老年人认知障碍的保护因素。轻度吸烟(OR=0.696,95%CI:0.505,0.958,P<0.001)、中度吸烟(OR=0.324,95%CI:0.196,0.537,P<0.001)是老年人认知障碍的保护因素,重度吸烟(OR=0.472,95%CI:0.183,1.222,P>0.05)与老年人认知障碍无关。在考虑性别、年龄混杂因素后,吸烟与老年人认知障碍之间不存在任何关系(P>0.05)。结论在未控制混杂因素时,吸烟是老年人认知功能的保护性因素,而控制年龄、性别后,吸烟对老年人的认知功能无影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between smoking and cognitive impairment in the elderly based on CLHLS database.Methods Through a ten-year tracking survey data,a total of 1819 participants were selected from four surveys in 2008,2011,2014,and 2018.The demographic characteristics,smoking related information,and cognitive status in 2018 at the baseline level were sorted out.T-tests and Chi square tests were used to compare the demographic characteristics of the population with and without a smoking history at the baseline.A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the impact of smoking on cognitive function in the elderly.Results A history of smoking(OR=0.539,95%CI:0.420,0.692,P<0.001)was a protective factor for cognitive function in older adults when confounding factors were not controlled for.Currently,smoking(OR=0.493,95%CI:0.364,0.667,P<0.001),having previously smoked,and abstaining(OR=0.624,95%CI:0.436,0.892,P<0.001)were protective factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly.Mild smoking(OR=0.696,95%CI:0.505,0.958,P<0.001)and moderate smoking(OR=0.324,95%CI:0.196,0.537,P<0.001)were protective factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly,while severe smoking(OR=0.472,95%CI:0.183,1.222,P>0.05)was not associated with cognitive impairment in the elderly.After considering gender and age confounding factors,there was no relationship between smoking and cognitive impairment in the elderly(P>0.05).Conclusion When confounding factors were not controlled for,smoking is a protective factor for cognitive function in the elderly,while after controlling for age and gender,smoking has no effect on cognitive function in the elderly.