某院儿童患者第二类精神药品应用分析

Analysis on Use of Class II Psychotropic Drugs for Children in a Guangzhou Hospital

目的:调查2021—2023年广州市某院儿童患者第二类精神药品的使用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集2021—2023年广州市社会福利院第二类精神药品的使用量、用药频度、销售金额、限定日费用等资料,进行汇总分析。结果:2021—2023年,广州市社会福利院第二类精神药品销售金额呈逐年上升趋势。2021—2023年,阿普唑仑片和地西泮片的用药频度分别为第1、2位,成为治疗焦虑、镇静催眠的主要药物;苯巴比妥钠注射液的用药频度居第3位,使用量不断上升;苯巴比妥片的使用量下降较多,可能与癫痫发作大多不能口服抗癫痫药物、对癫痫持续发作的患者使用效果不佳有关。2021—2023年,限定日费用最高的药品是地西泮注射液,其排序比≤1;苯巴比妥片的限定日费用相对较高,其排序比≥1;2021年由于药品原材料价格上涨,生产企业经常提高价格,导致3年来各药物品种的限定日费用不稳定,说明药品价格波动大。结论:2021—2023年,广州市社会福利院儿童患者的第二类精神药品使用情况基本合理,但仍需严格监测药品使用情况,防止滥用。

Objective:To investigate the use of Class II psychotropic drugs for children in a hospital in Guangzhou from 2021 to 2023,so as to provide reference for the rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Methods:The data on the amount of usage,frequency of medication,sales amount,and defined daily cost of Class II psychotropic drugs in Guangzhou Children's Social Welfare Home from 2021 to 2023 were collected for summary and analysis.Results:From 2021 to 2023,the sales amount of Class II psychotropic drugs in Guangzhou Children's Social Welfare Home showed an annual increasing trend.From 2021 to 2023,the frequency of medication using alprazolam tablets and diazepam tablets ranked first and second,respectively,and these drugs became the main drugs for the treatment of anxiety and served as sedative hypnotic drugs;The frequency of medication using phenobarbital sodium injection ranks third,and the amount of usage continuously increased;the amount of usage of phenobarbital tablets decreased obviously,which was possibly related to the inapplicability of oral antiepileptic drugs for most of epileptic seizures and the poor response of patients with persistent epileptic seizures.From 2021 to 2023,the drug with the highest defined daily cost was diazepam injection,with a ranking ratio of≤1;The defined daily cost of phenobarbital tablets was relatively high,with a ranking ratio of≥1;In 2021,due to the increasing price of drug raw materials,manufacturers often raised prices,resulting in the instable defined daily cost of various drug varieties in the past three years,indicating a great fluctuation of drug price.Conclusion:From 2021 to 2023,the use of Class II psychotropic drugs for children in Guangzhou Children's Social Welfare Home is basically reasonable,but it is still necessary to strictly control and monitor the use of drugs so as to prevent abuse.