人β防御素与口腔疾病关系的研究进展

Study on the relationship between human β-defensins and oral diseases

人β防御素是一类具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、抗肿瘤以及免疫调节活性的人体自分泌抗菌肽,因其强大的生物学活性且不易产生耐药性而受到广泛关注。人β防御素对口腔常见致病菌如黏性放线菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、变形链球菌、齿垢密螺旋体以及白色念珠菌具有抑制作用。其通过调节体内先天和适应性免疫发挥抗炎作用,且人β防御素可能在促进组织再生中发挥作用。近年来有不少关于人β防御素与龋病、牙髓根尖周病、牙周病、种植体周围炎、扁平苔藓以及口腔鳞状细胞癌等疾病的研究。随着人β防御素在口腔方面的深入研究,有望成为一种新型牙科材料用于临床上一些尚未解决的问题。

Human β-defensins are a class of human autocrine antimicrobial peptides with antibacterial,antiviral,antifungal,antitumor and immunomodulatory activities.They have attracted wide attention due to their strong biological activities and low risk of drug resistance.Human β-defensins are antimicrobial against common oral bacteria like Actinomyces viscosus,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Streptococcus mutans,Treponema denticola and Candida albicans.Moreover,they exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the innate and adaptive immunity,and also contribute to accelerate tissue regeneration.In recent years,the role of human β-defensins in treating caries,apical periodontal disease,periodontal disease,peri-implantitis,lichen planus,and oral squamous cell carcinoma has been extensively analyzed.With the in-depth study of human β-defensins in the oral cavity,the use of new dental material is expected to solve existing clinical problems.